College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321879721
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 16P
A magnifier has a magnification of 4× for someone with a normal near-point distance of 25 cm. What is the magnification of this lens when used by a person with a near-point distance of 15 cm?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 19 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 19 - On a sunny summer day, with the sun overhead, you...Ch. 19 - Suppose you have two pinhole cameras. The first...Ch. 19 - A photographer focuses his camera on his subject....Ch. 19 - The object for a magnifier is usually placed very...Ch. 19 - A nature photographer taking a close-up shot of an...Ch. 19 - The CCD detector in a certain camera has a width...Ch. 19 - All humans have what is known as a blind spot,...Ch. 19 - Suppose you wanted special glasses designed to...Ch. 19 - You have lenses with the following focal lengths:...Ch. 19 - An 8-year-old child and a 75-year-old man both use...
Ch. 19 - A friend lends you the eyepiece of his microscope...Ch. 19 - An astronomer is using a telescope to observe two...Ch. 19 - A student makes a microscope using an objective...Ch. 19 - Is the wearer of the glasses in Figure Q19.14...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15CQCh. 19 - A collector notices a rare beetle on a tree 1.0 m...Ch. 19 - A microscope has a tube length of 20 cm. What...Ch. 19 - The distance between the objective and eyepiece of...Ch. 19 - A nearsighted person has a near point of 20 cm and...Ch. 19 - A nearsighted person has a near point of 20 cm and...Ch. 19 - A 60-year-old man has a near point of 100 cm,...Ch. 19 - A person looking through a 10 D lens sees an image...Ch. 19 - Prob. 23MCQCh. 19 - An amateur astronomer looks at the moon through a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1PCh. 19 - A student has built a 20-cm-long pinhole camera...Ch. 19 - A pinhole camera is made from an 80-cm-long box...Ch. 19 - A photographer uses his camera, whose lens has a...Ch. 19 - An older camera has a lens with a focal length of...Ch. 19 - In Figure P19.6 the camera lens has a 50 mm focal...Ch. 19 - a. Estimate the diameter of your eyeball. b. Bring...Ch. 19 - A farsighted person has a near point of 50 cm...Ch. 19 - A nearsighted woman has a far point of 300 cm....Ch. 19 - Martin has severe myopia, with a far point of only...Ch. 19 - Mary, like many older people, has lost all ability...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12PCh. 19 - Prob. 13PCh. 19 - Rank the following people from the most...Ch. 19 - The diameter of a penny is 19 mm. How far from...Ch. 19 - A magnifier has a magnification of 4 for someone...Ch. 19 - A magnifier has a magnification of 5. How far from...Ch. 19 - A farsighted man has a near point of 40 cm. What...Ch. 19 - An inexpensive microscope has a tube length of...Ch. 19 - A standard biological microscope is required to...Ch. 19 - A forensic scientist is using a standard...Ch. 19 - A microscope with an 8.0-mm-focal-length objective...Ch. 19 - The distance between the objective and eyepiece...Ch. 19 - For the combination of two identical lenses shown...Ch. 19 - For the combination of two lenses shown in Figure...Ch. 19 - A researcher is trying to shoot a tranquilizer...Ch. 19 - The objective lens of the refracting telescope at...Ch. 19 - You use your 8 binoculars to focus on a...Ch. 19 - Your telescope has a 700-mm-focal-length objective...Ch. 19 - A narrow beam of light with wavelengths from 450...Ch. 19 - Prob. 31PCh. 19 - A ray of red light, for which n = 1.54, and a ray...Ch. 19 - Two lightbulbs are 1.0 m apart. From what distance...Ch. 19 - A 1.0-cm-diameter microscope objective has a focal...Ch. 19 - A microscope with an objective of focal length 1.6...Ch. 19 - Suppose you point a pinhole camera at a 15-m-tall...Ch. 19 - Jason uses a lens with a focal length of 10.0 cm...Ch. 19 - A magnifier is labeled 5. What would its...Ch. 19 - A 20 microscope objective is designed for use in...Ch. 19 - Two converging lenses with focal lengths of 40 cm...Ch. 19 - A converging lens with a focal length of 40 cm and...Ch. 19 - A lens with a focal length of 25 cm is placed 40...Ch. 19 - A microscope with a 5 objective lens images a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 44GPCh. 19 - A 20 objective and 10 eyepiece give an angular...Ch. 19 - The objective lens and the eyepiece lens of a...Ch. 19 - Your telescope has an objective lens with a focal...Ch. 19 - Martha is viewing a distant mountain with a...Ch. 19 - Susan is quite nearsighted; without her glasses,...Ch. 19 - A spy satellite uses a telescope with a...Ch. 19 - Two stars have an angular separation of 3.3 105...Ch. 19 - Frank is nearsighted and his glasses require a...Ch. 19 - What is the angular resolution of the Hubble Space...Ch. 19 - The Hubble Space Telescope has a mirror diameter...Ch. 19 - Once dark adapted, the pupil of your eye is...Ch. 19 - The normal human eye has maximum visual acuity...Ch. 19 - Prob. 57GPCh. 19 - Light that enters your eyes is focused to form an...Ch. 19 - Light that enters your eyes is focused to form an...Ch. 19 - Light that enters your eyes is focused to form an...Ch. 19 - Light that enters your eyes is focused to form an...
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