Chapter 18.4, Problem 1PPB

Practice Problem BUILD

(a) Calculate $\Delta S_{\text{univ}}$ and determine if the reaction ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(l\right)\to {\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$ is spontaneous, nonspontaneous. or an equilibrium process at $\text{163ºC}$. (b) The reaction ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\left(g\right)+\text{HCl}\left(g\right)\to {\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}\left(s\right)$ is spontaneous in the forward direction at room temperature but. because it is exothermic, becomes less spontaneous with increasing temperature. Determine the temperature at which it is no longer spontaneous in the forward direction. (c) Determine the boiling point of ${\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$. (Assume that the thermodynamic data in Appendix 2 do not vary with temperature.)