Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 18.4, Problem 1CYL
- describe the transitions and innovations associated with the origin and evolution of the major groups of land plants and vertebrates?
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 18.1 - How Would the experiments result charge if oxygen...Ch. 18.1 - describe a likely scenario for the origin of life?Ch. 18.1 - describe, for each step in the scenario, some...Ch. 18.2 - Uranium-235, with a half-life of 713 million...Ch. 18.2 - Scientists have identified a free living bacterium...Ch. 18.2 - describe scenarios for the major evolutionary...Ch. 18.2 - State the order in which these events occurred,...Ch. 18.3 - describe fossil evidence of the earliest...Ch. 18.3 - describe the advantages that fostered the origin...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 3CYL
Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 18.4 - Does the mudskippers ability to walk on land...Ch. 18.4 - Can ancient DNA reveal the secrets of dinosaur...Ch. 18.4 - Although it may never be possible to recover DNA...Ch. 18.4 - describe the transitions and innovations...Ch. 18.4 - describe the advantages gained by the first plants...Ch. 18.5 - Scientists have cloned a number of animal species,...Ch. 18.5 - explain how extinction has affected the course of...Ch. 18.5 - describe the likely causes of mass extinctions in...Ch. 18.6 - We might be able to more easily distinguish...Ch. 18.6 - Paleontologists recently discovered fossil...Ch. 18.6 - describe the evolutionary history of humans and...Ch. 18.6 - name and describe some characteristics of the...Ch. 18.6 - describe the key features of the most recent phase...Ch. 18.6 - The unexpected discovery that humans interbred...Ch. 18 - Almost all of the oxygen gas in todays atmosphere...Ch. 18 - Extinction a. generally does not occur except...Ch. 18 - In the endosymbiotic origin of the mitochondrion,...Ch. 18 - Which of the following does not list evolutionary...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5MCCh. 18 - Because there was no oxygen in the earliest...Ch. 18 - The molecule _________ became a candidate for the...Ch. 18 - Complex cells that contain a nucleus and other...Ch. 18 - The Sperm of early land plants had to reach the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 18 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 18 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 18 - What is the evidence that life might have...Ch. 18 - How did the origin of photosynthesis affect...Ch. 18 - Explain the endosymbiont hypothesis for the origin...Ch. 18 - Name two advantages of multicellularity for plants...Ch. 18 - What advantages and disadvantages would...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6RQCh. 18 - Prob. 7RQCh. 18 - Extinctions have occurred throughout the history...Ch. 18 - In biological terms, what do you think was the...
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- What is the correct order of appearance in the fossil record, starting with the earliest: flowering plants, ferns, gymnosperms?arrow_forwardName three features often associated with the evolution of an endoparasitic lifestyle. Compare and contrast these features between endoparasites from three phyla and their closest non-endoparasitic relatives. Assuming the features are adaptive, which of them do these comparisons suggest are exaptations?arrow_forwardThis figure identifies lineages as plants, non-vascular plants, vascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants. Which of these categories are paraphyletic and which are monophyletic?arrow_forward
- 1. The taxonomic Supergroups of life are a work in progress which attempt to hypothesize on the relatedness of life's major groups. Currently this phylogeny includes a non-dichotomously branching clade with three different branches connecting to one node. The clade that includes all three branches emerging from the same node is known as A) homeoplasiac traits. B) polytomic lineages. C) paraphyletic clade. D) polyphyletic clade E) all of the abovearrow_forwardPhylogeny refers to the evolutionary descent of taxa. It refers to the relationship between ancestors and descendants and relationships among descendant taxa. It shows the lineage of taxa which can be summarized in a branching diagram called a phylogenetic tree.1. Express some basic evolutionary relationships among groups of microorganisms, plants, and animals; 2. Illustrate the relationship of organisms with their environment; and 3. Analyze environmental factors contributing to biodiversity richness and lossarrow_forwardOver the long period of time that life has existed on Earth, there have been a number of important or significant innovations including (but not limited to) endosymbiosis to create mitochondria and chloroplasts; multicellularity; adaptation to land by plants and animals; development of exoskeletons in arthropods, shells in molluscs, and notochords followed by vertebral columns in chordates and vertebrates; and bipedalism in the ancestry of humans. All of these had to come about by natural selection in response to changing environmental forces. After studying the textbook reading assignment, pick one of the significant innovations listed above and describe:: a. How the innovation appears to have happened b. What environmental challenges were met and overcome by this innovation, and c. What opportunities were opened for the organism that made this innovation B. You must include in your post an example of at least one species and demonstrate that vou understand scientific nomenclature by…arrow_forward
- How has the development of molecular and genetic techniques impacted the classification and evolutionary relationships of plant taxa, and what are the current challenges in reconciling traditional morphology-based taxonomy with the growing body of molecular data?arrow_forwardPhylogeny refers to the evolutionary descent of taxa. It refers to the relationship between ancestors and descendants and relationships among descendant taxa. It shows the lineage of taxa which can be summarized in a branching diagram called a phylogenetic tree.a. express some basic evolutionary relationships among groups of microorganisms, plants, and animals; b. illustrate the relationship of organisms with their environment; and c. analyze environmental factors contributing to biodiversity richness and lossarrow_forwardBriefly describe the phylogeny of each in regards to its classification within the four supergroups: a) Amoeba b) Paramecium c) Euglenaarrow_forward
- SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Herbivory (plant eating) has evolvedrepeatedly in insects, typically from meat-eating or detritusfeeding ancestors (detritus is dead organic matter). Moths andbutterflies, for example, eat plants, whereas their “sister group”(the insect group to which they are most closely related), thecaddisflies, feed on animals, fungi, or detritus. As illustrated in the following phylogenetic tree, the combined moth/butterflyand caddisfly group shares a common ancestor with flies andfleas. Like caddisflies, flies and fleas are thought to have evolvedfrom ancestors that did not eat plants. There are 140,000 species of moths and butterflies and 7,000species of caddisflies. State a hypothesis about the impact ofherbivory on adaptive radiations in insects. How could thishypothesis be tested?arrow_forwardDefine the two groups of animals and plants kingdom with examples?arrow_forwardWhy families are characterised on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species?arrow_forward
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