ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-STUD.SOLNS.MAN+SG(LL)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-STUD.SOLNS.MAN+SG(LL)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781119659587
Author: Klein
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 18.10, Problem 17ATS
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the following compound, the aromatic ring that is more reactive towards aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction has to be identified.

                                  ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-STUD.SOLNS.MAN+SG(LL), Chapter 18.10, Problem 17ATS

Concept Introduction:

  • The activation or deactivation of an aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution reactions depend upon the electronic effects that the substituents produce.
  • If the substituents enhance the electron density of the ring then the ring becomes activated towards the electrophilic substitution reactions.
  • If the substituents present causes electron drain in the aromatic ring then the ring becomes deactivated towards electrophilic substitution reactions.
  • Usually electron donating groups increase the electron density around the aromatic ring and activate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution reactions. Hence they are known as activators.
  • Depending upon the strength of activation there are strong, moderate or weak activators.
  • Electron withdrawing groups decrease the electron density around the aromatic ring and deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution reactions.  Hence they are known as deactivators.
  • Depending upon the strength of deactivation there are strong, moderate or weak deactivators.
  • The classification can be summarized as follows –

Activators

                         Deactivators

      Strong

  Moderate

   Weak

    Strong

  Moderate

  Weak

-OH

-NHCOR

-R

-NO2

-COR

-X (HALOGENS)

-NH2 -NROR       -NR3 -COH
-O- -OR       -CX3 -COOR
-NHR -O-C=OR -COOH
-NR2 -CONH2
-SO3H
-CN

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Chapter 18 Solutions

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-STUD.SOLNS.MAN+SG(LL)

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