The product of Perkin condensation has to be written Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions, In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation. In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid. In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction. In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18, Problem 62P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Perkin condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound formed after addition of water to the product of Perkin condensation has to be written.

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Knoevenagal condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A compound formed after product of Perkin condensation is heated in an acidic medium has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

23.34 Show how to convert each starting material into isobutylamine in good yield. ཅ ནད ཀྱི (b) Br OEt (c) (d) (e) (f) H

Please help me Please use https://app.molview.com/ to draw this. I tried, but I couldn't figure out how to do it.

Propose a synthesis of 1-butanamine from the following: (a) a chloroalkane of three carbons (b) a chloroalkane of four carbons

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18, Problem 62P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Perkin condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound formed after addition of water to the product of Perkin condensation has to be written.

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Knoevenagal condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A compound formed after product of Perkin condensation is heated in an acidic medium has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18, Problem 62P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Perkin condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound formed after addition of water to the product of Perkin condensation has to be written.

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Knoevenagal condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A compound formed after product of Perkin condensation is heated in an acidic medium has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18, Problem 62P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Perkin condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound formed after addition of water to the product of Perkin condensation has to be written.

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Knoevenagal condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A compound formed after product of Perkin condensation is heated in an acidic medium has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 62P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Perkin condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound formed after addition of water to the product of Perkin condensation has to be written.

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Knoevenagal condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A compound formed after product of Perkin condensation is heated in an acidic medium has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 62P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Perkin condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 62P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Perkin condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound formed after addition of water to the product of Perkin condensation has to be written.

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound formed after addition of water to the product of Perkin condensation has to be written.

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Knoevenagal condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The product of Knoevenagal condensation has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A compound formed after product of Perkin condensation is heated in an acidic medium has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A compound formed after product of Perkin condensation is heated in an acidic medium has to be written

Concept introduction: For the given condensation reactions,

In first case, acetic anhydride is treated with a base and a proton is abstracted. The enolate ion thus formed attacks carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde. Loss of water molecule results in the formation of the product of Perkin condensation.

In second case, water is added to the product of Perkin condensation and it causes hydrolysis of the ester to form an acid.

In third case, diethyl malonate is treated with a base and enolate ion is formed. Enolate ion attacks a molecule of benzaldehyde and forms an intermediate species. Loss of a water molecule results in the formation of the product of Knoevenagel reaction.

In fourth case, the product of Knoevenagel reaction on acidic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid and on heating undergoes decarboxylation.

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 17

Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 3P Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 4P Ch. 18.1 - PROBLEM 5♦ List the compounds in each of the...Ch. 18.2 - Explain why 92% of 2,4-pemtanedione exists as the...Ch. 18.3 - Draw the enol tautomers for each of the following...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 8P Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 10P

Concept explainers

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 18 Solutions