Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 37E
It is possible that stars as much as 200 times the Sun’s mass or more exist. What is the luminosity of such a star based upon the mass-luminosity relation?
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The lowest mass for a true star is 1/12 the mass of the sun. What is the luminosity of this star (in units of the sun’s luminosity) based upon mass luminosity relationship? Use the exponent of 4 for easy calculations instead of 3.9
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 18 - How does the mass of the Sun compare with that of...Ch. 18 - Name and describe the three types of binary...Ch. 18 - Describe two ways of determining the diameter of a...Ch. 18 - What are the largest- and smallest-known values of...Ch. 18 - You are able to take spectra of both stars in an...Ch. 18 - Sketch an HR diagram. Label the axes. Show where...Ch. 18 - Describe what a typical star in the Galaxy would...Ch. 18 - How do we distinguish stars from brown dwarfs? How...Ch. 18 - Describe how the mass, luminosity, surface...Ch. 18 - One method to measure the diameter of a star is to...
Ch. 18 - We discussed in the chapter that about half of...Ch. 18 - Is the Sun an average star? Why or why not?Ch. 18 - Suppose you want to determine the average...Ch. 18 - Why do most known visual binaries have relatively...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.11 shows the light curve of a...Ch. 18 - There are fewer eclipsing binaries than...Ch. 18 - Within 50 light-years of the Sun, visual binaries...Ch. 18 - Which is easier to observe at large distances-a...Ch. 18 - The eclipsing binary Algol drops from maximum to...Ch. 18 - Review this spectral data for five stars. Which is...Ch. 18 - Which changes by the largest factor along the main...Ch. 18 - Suppose you want to search for brown dwarfs using...Ch. 18 - An astronomer discovers a type-M star with a large...Ch. 18 - Approximately 6000 stars are bright enough to be...Ch. 18 - Use the data in Appendix J to plot an HR diagram...Ch. 18 - Use the diagram you have drawn for Exercise 18.25...Ch. 18 - Use the data in Appendix I to plot an HR diagram...Ch. 18 - If a visual binary system were to have two...Ch. 18 - Two stars are in a visual binary star system that...Ch. 18 - Describe the spectra for a spectroscopic binary...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.7 shows the velocity of two stars in a...Ch. 18 - You go out stargazing one night, and someone asks...Ch. 18 - If you were to compare three stars with the same...Ch. 18 - Are supergiant stars also extremely massive?...Ch. 18 - Consider the following data on four stars: Which...Ch. 18 - If two stars are in a binary system with a...Ch. 18 - It is possible that stars as much as 200 times the...Ch. 18 - The lowest mass for a true star is 1/12 the mass...Ch. 18 - Spectral types are an indicator of temperature....Ch. 18 - We can estimate the masses of most of the stars in...Ch. 18 - In Diameters of Stars, the relative diameters of...Ch. 18 - Now calculate the radius of Sirius’ white dwarf...Ch. 18 - How does this radius of Sirius B compare with that...Ch. 18 - From the previous calculations and the results...Ch. 18 - How much would you weigh if you were suddenly...Ch. 18 - The star Betelgeuse has a temperature of 3400 K...Ch. 18 - Using the information provided in Table 18.1, what...Ch. 18 - Confirm that the angular diameter of the Sun of...Ch. 18 - An eclipsing binary star system is observed with...Ch. 18 - If a 100 solar mass star were to have a luminosity...Ch. 18 - If Betelgeuse had a mass that was 25 times that of...
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- Look elsewhere in this book for necessary data, and indicate what the final stage of evolution-white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole-will be for each of these kinds of stars. A. Spectral type-O main-sequence star B. Spectral type-B main-sequence star C. Spectral type-A main-sequence star D. Spectral type-G main-sequence star E. Spectral type-M main-sequence stararrow_forwardA G2 star has a luminosity 100 times that of the Sun. What kind of star is it? How does its radius compare with that of the Sun?arrow_forwardWhat are the largest- and smallest-known values of the mass, luminosity, surface temperature, and diameter of stars (roughly)?arrow_forward
- A star begins its life with a mass of 5 MSunbut ends its life as a white dwarf with a mass of 0.8 MSun. List the stages in the star’s life during which it most likely lost some of the mass it started with. How did mass loss occur in each stage?arrow_forwardWhich of the following can you determine about a star without knowing its distance, and which can you not determine: radial velocity, temperature, apparent brightness, or luminosity? Explain.arrow_forwardAppendix J lists the stars that appear brightest in our sky. Are most of these hotter or cooler than the Sun? Can you suggest a reason for the difference between this answer and the answer to the previous question? (Hint: Look at the luminosities.) Is there any tendency for a correlation between temperature and luminosity? Are there exceptions to the correlation?arrow_forward
- The spectrum of the Sun has hundreds of strong lines of nonionized iron but only a few, very weak lines of helium. A star of spectral type B has very strong lines of helium but very weak iron lines. Do these differences mean that the Sun contains more iron and less helium than the B star? Explain.arrow_forwardCalculate the mass-to-light ratio for a luminous star of 100 MSunhaving the luminosity of 106LSun.arrow_forwardIf the main-sequence mass lower limit is 0.08 solar mass and the brightest main-sequence stars are 1 million times more luminous than the Sun, what is the mass range along the main sequence in the figure below? (answer in solar masses)arrow_forward
- Using the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram match theletter with the type of star that is located at that position. 1) A class M main sequence star2) A supergiant star3) A red giant star4) Our Sun5) A class O main sequence star6) A white dwarf stararrow_forwardA star has a measured radial velocity of 300 km/s. If you measure the wavelength of a particular spectral line of Hydrogen as 657.18 nm, what was the laboratory wavelength (in nm) of the line? (Round your answer to at least one decimal place.) nm Which spectral line does this likely correspond to? Balmer-alpha (656.3 nm) Balmer-beta (486.1 nm) Balmer-gamma (434.0 nm) Balmer-del ta (410.2 nm)arrow_forwardOne way to calculate the radius of a star is to use its luminosity and temperature and assume that the star radiates approximately like a blackbody. Astronomers have measured the characteristics of central stars of planetary nebulae and have found that a typical central star is 16 times as luminous and 20 times as hot (about 110,000 K) as the Sun. Find the radius in terms of the Sun’s. How does this radius compare with that of a typical white dwarf?arrow_forward
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