
Interpretation:
The spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes among the given processes are to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Gibbs free energy is defined as the energy that can be used to get work done. The abbreviation for Gibbs Free Energy is
The standard Gibbs Free Energy, abbreviated as
An equilibrium process is the state at which the rate of the backward reaction is equal to the rate of the forward reaction.
The Gibbs free energy change is calculated by using the expression as:
Here,

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Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY
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