
Carbon monoxide

Interpretation:
The values of
Concept introduction:
All the energy available with the system, utilized in doing useful work, is called Gibbs free energy.
An atom with high value of standard reduction potential is a good oxidizing agent. An atom with low value of standard reduction potential is a good reducing agent.
The standard free energy of formation is the free energy change that occurs when one mole of the compound is combined from its constituent elements, in standard state.
A substance that gains electrons in the chemical reaction is called the oxidizing agent.
A substance that loses electrons in the chemical reaction is called the reducing agent
The standard free energy change is the difference of the sum of standard free energy change of products and the sum of the standard free energy change of reactants.
The equilibrium constant defines the ratio of concentration of product and reactants at equilibrium.
The relation between standard free energy change and equilibrium constant at 25oC is given by relation
The standard enthalpy changes of the reaction
Answer to Problem 111AP
Solution:
a)
b)
c)
The equilibrium pressure constant for the given reaction is
d)
e)
No, the formation of
Explanation of Solution
a) Equation for the reaction of
The equation for reaction of
In the above reaction, two moles of carbon monoxide react with two moles nitrogen oxide, resulting in the formation of dinitrogen and two moles of carbon dioxide.
b)Identification of oxidizing and reducing agents.
The equation for reaction of
A substance that gains electrons in the chemical reaction is called the oxidizing agent.
A substance that loses electrons in the chemical reaction is called the reducing agent.
Therefore,
c)
The equation for reaction of
The standard free energy change for the system is calculated using the following expression:
The standard free energy change for the reaction is calculated using the following expression:
Here,
The Gibbs energy change of the reaction is given by the following expression:
The standard free energy of formation of any element in its stable allotropic form at
From appendix2, the values of the standard free energy of formation of compound are as follows:
Substitute the value of the standard free energy of formation of compound and
Therefore, standard free energy change for the reaction is
The equilibrium pressure constant is calculated using the following expression:
Here,
Substitute the value of
Therefore, equilibrium pressure constant for the given reaction is
Given information:
The partial pressure of
d)
The reaction quotient expression for given the reaction is as follows:
Here,
Substitute the value of
The direction of the reaction is identified by comparing the value of reaction quotient and equilibrium constant.
If
If
For the given reaction,
Therefore,
e)Raising temperature favor the formation of
The equation for reaction of
The standard enthalpy changes of the system
The standard enthalpy changes of the reaction
Here,
The enthalpy change for the reaction is as follows:
From appendix2, the standard enthalpy changes of formation for the substance are as follows:
Substitute the standard enthalpy change of the formation value of the substance in the above expression.
Therefore, the standard enthalpy change for the given reaction is
The standard enthalpy change for the given reaction is negative. As the temperature increases, the value of
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Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY
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