Anatomy & Physiology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321861580
Author: Marieb, Elaine N.
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Chapter 18, Problem 21CYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
Definition of the portal system; and the function of the hepatic portal system.
Introduction:
The part of a circulatory system that carries the blood from the heart to different parts of the body (except the lungs) and then returns it to the heart is called a systemic circuit. It involves three major blood vessels, namely artery, vein, andcapillary. Arteries transport blood away from the heart whereas veins bring it to the heart.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 18 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 18 - Which branch of the autonomic nervous system...Ch. 18 - When vascular smooth muscle contracts, what...Ch. 18 - Name the type of artery that matches each...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 18 - Prob. 5CYUCh. 18 - In the systemic circuit, which contains more...Ch. 18 - List three factors that determine resistance in a...Ch. 18 - Suppose vasoconstriction decreases the diameter of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 9CYUCh. 18 - The kidneys play an important role in maintaining...
Ch. 18 - Suppose you are in a bicycle race. What happens to...Ch. 18 - If many arterioles in your body dilated at once,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 13CYUCh. 18 - Your neighbor, Bob, calls you because he thinks he...Ch. 18 - Prob. 15CYUCh. 18 - Prob. 16CYUCh. 18 - Prob. 17CYUCh. 18 - You are assessing the circulation in the leg of a...Ch. 18 - In what important way does the area drained by the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 20CYUCh. 18 - Prob. 21CYUCh. 18 - Name the leg veins that often become varicosed.Ch. 18 - Prob. 23CYUCh. 18 - Which statement does not accurately describe...Ch. 18 - Smooth muscle in the blood vessel wall (a) is...Ch. 18 - Peripheral resistance (a) is inversely...Ch. 18 - Which of the following can lead to decreased...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5RQCh. 18 - Prob. 6RQCh. 18 - The structure of a capillary wall differs from...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8RQCh. 18 - The myocardium receives its blood supply directly...Ch. 18 - Blood flow in the capillaries is steady despite...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11RQCh. 18 - Prob. 12RQCh. 18 - Prob. 13RQCh. 18 - Prob. 14RQCh. 18 - How is the anatomy of capillaries and capillary...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16RQCh. 18 - Write an equation showing the relationship between...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18RQCh. 18 - Describe the neural mechanisms responsible for...Ch. 18 - Explain the reasons for the observed changes in...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21RQCh. 18 - Prob. 22RQCh. 18 - How are nutrients, wastes, and respiratory gases...Ch. 18 - Prob. 24RQCh. 18 - Physiologists often consider capillaries and...Ch. 18 - Mr. Hutchinson, another middle-aged victim of the...Ch. 18 - Mr. Hutchinson, another middle-aged victim of the...Ch. 18 - Mr. Hutchinson, another middle-aged victim of the...
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