
Chemistry for Changing Times
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780134212777
Author: John W. Hill; Terry W. McCreary
Publisher: Pearson Education (US)
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Question
Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The difference between a natural drug, a semisynthetic drug, and a synthetic drug should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Any substance, that when taken by living organisms, may modify one or more functions are said to be drugs.
Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution
Any substance, that when taken by living organisms, may modify one or more functions are said to be drugs. They are classified as natural, semisynthetic and synthetic as. The difference between them is as follows:
Natural drug | Semisynthetic drug | Synthetic drug |
It can be found in nature and will not require strong physical or chemical procedure changes. | These are derived from nature, but the chemical structure of the drug is altered. These drugs require more sophisticated separation or synthesis procedures. | They are chemically derived drugs. They are not found in nature, they are synthesized in labs. |
For example: Nicotine. | For example: Cocaine | For example: Morphine |
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MISSED THIS? Read Section 19.9 (Pages 878-881); Watch IWE 19.10
Consider the following reaction:
CH3OH(g)
CO(g) + 2H2(g)
(Note that AG,CH3OH(g) = -162.3 kJ/mol and AG,co(g)=-137.2 kJ/mol.)
Part A
Calculate AG for this reaction at 25 °C under the following conditions:
PCH₂OH
Pco
PH2
0.815 atm
=
0.140 atm
0.170 atm
Express your answer in kilojoules to three significant figures.
Ο ΑΣΦ
AG = -150
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kJ
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Calculate the free energy change under nonstandard conditions (AGrxn) by using the following relationship:
AGrxn = AGrxn + RTInQ,
AGxn+RTInQ,
where AGxn is the standard free energy change, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in kelvins, a
is the reaction quotient.
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Identify and provide a brief explanation of Gas Chromatography (GC) within the context of chemical analysis of food. Incorporate the specific application name, provide a concise overview of sample preparation methods, outline instrumental parameters and conditions ultilized, and summarise the outcomes and findings achieved through this analytical approach.
Identify and provide a concise explanation of the concept of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the context of chemical analysis. Provide specific examples.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Chemistry for Changing Times
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