Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323717271
Author: Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 18, Problem 12TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: The most highly conserved regions of the human genome do not code for proteins.
Introduction:
Conserved region of the human genome consists of sequences that are similar among species. They are known as orthologous sequences. These sequences are evolutionarily conserved through natural selection. A highly conserved region consists of sequences that remained the same since a long period of time. They are often non-coding sequences. For example, homeobox is a highly conserved sequence found in eukaryotes and regulates targeted gene expression.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Why do humans have such a large number of nucleotides (3.2 billion base pairs) compared to the number of nucleotides in the Japanese pufferfish (with only 400 million base pairs)?
the difference is due primarily to a relative abundance of intron nucleotides in humans
the difference is due primarily to a relative abundance of euchromatin sequences in humans
the difference is due primarily to a relative abundance of intron sequences in humans
the difference is due primarily to a relative abundance of protein-coding genes in humans
the difference is due primarily to a relative abundance of exon sequences in humans
A fairly conserved gene is compared between a human, a chimpanzee, a bear and a banana. How would you expect their DNA sequences to relate?
A 2500 bp region of the human genome encodes two genes. One of the genes encodes a protein of 600 amino acids and the other gene encodes a protein of 280 amino acids. The mRNA sequences of the two genes do not contain any of the same nucleotide sequences (i.e. they do not overlap). How is this possible? Fully explain your answer.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
Ch. 18.1 - How does binding of the trp corepressor to the trp...Ch. 18.1 - Describe the binding of RNA Polymerase,...Ch. 18.1 - WHAT IF? A certain mutation in E. coli changes...Ch. 18.2 - In general, what are the effects of histone...Ch. 18.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Speculate about whether the same...Ch. 18.2 - Compare the roles of general and specific...Ch. 18.2 - Once mRNA encoding a particular protein reaches...Ch. 18.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose you compared the nucleotide...Ch. 18.3 - Compare miRNAs and siRNAs, including their...Ch. 18.3 - WH AT IF? Suppose the mRNA being degraded in...
Ch. 18.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Inactivation of one of the X...Ch. 18.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS As you learned in Chapter 12,...Ch. 18.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how the signaling...Ch. 18.4 - How do fruit fly maternal effect genes determine...Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 18.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.5 - Under what circumstances is cancer considered to...Ch. 18.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The p53 protein can activate...Ch. 18 - Compare and contrast the roles of a corepressor...Ch. 18 - Describe what must happen in a cell for a gene...Ch. 18 - Why are miRNAs called noncoding RNAs? Explsin how...Ch. 18 - Describe the two main processes that cause...Ch. 18 - Compare the usual functions of proteins encoded by...Ch. 18 - If a particular operon encodes enzymes for making...Ch. 18 - Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly...Ch. 18 - The functioning of enhancers is an example of (A)...Ch. 18 - Cell differentiation always involves (A)...Ch. 18 - Which of the following is an example of...Ch. 18 - What would occur if the repressor of an inducible...Ch. 18 - Absence of bicoid in mRNA from a Drosophila egg...Ch. 18 - Which of the following statements about the DNA in...Ch. 18 - Within a cell, the amount of protein made using a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 18 - draw it The diagram below shows five genes,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 18 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 18 - SCIENCE. TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Trace amounts of...Ch. 18 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS In a Short essay...Ch. 18 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE The flashlight fish has...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A molecular geneticist hopes to find a Gene in human liver cell that codes for an important blood-clotting protein,he knows that the nucleotide sequence of a small part of the Gene is GTGGACTGACA.briefly explain how to obtain genearrow_forwardThe words “transcribe” and “translate” are more commonly associated with language and dialogue. For example, a court reporter may transcribe what was said during a trial, or a popular book may be translated from Spanish into English. Why are “transcription” and “translation” such good descriptors for these processes in molecular biology?arrow_forwardExplain the statement "In a comparison between the DNAS of related organisms such as humans and mice, identifying the conserved DNA sequences facilitates the search for functionally important regions" is true or false.arrow_forward
- The total number of possible amino acid sequences in a polypeptide chain is staggering. Given that there are 20 amino acids, potentially there could be20100 different amino acid sequences just for polypeptides only 100 amino acids in length. However, the actual number of different polypeptides occurring in organisms is only a tiny fraction of this potential. What insight does this finding provide into the evolutionary process?arrow_forwardYou are interested in finding out the function of a particular gene in the mouse genome. You have determined the nucleotide sequence of the gene, defined the portion that codes for its protein product, and searched the relevant database for similar sequences; however, neither the gene nor the encoded protein resembles anything previously described. What types of additional information about the gene and the encoded protein would you like to know in order to narrow down its function, and why?arrow_forwardLocate as accurately as possible the listed items that are shown on the following figure. Some items are not shown. (a) 5′ end of DNA template strand; (b) 3′ end of mRNA; (c) ribosome; (d) promoter; (e) codon; (f) an amino acid; (g) DNA polymerase; (h) 5′ UTR; (i) centromere; (j) intron; (k) anticodon; (l) N terminus; (m) 5′ end of charged tRNA; (n) RNA polymerase; (o) 3′ end of uncharged tRNA; (p) a nucleotide; (q) mRNA cap; (r) peptide bond; (s) P site; (t) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; (u) hydrogen bond; (v) exon; (w) 5′ AUG 3′; (x) potential wobble interaction.arrow_forward
- The relationship between DNA, RNA and Protein constitute the “central dogma of molecular biology”. Explain this statementarrow_forward(a) Why can there be multiple codons for an amino acid? Why would this have evolved? (b) What is the advantage of Illumina Next Generation Sequencing?arrow_forwardYour advisor, a brilliant bioinformatician, has high regard for your intellect and industry. she suggests that you write a computer program that will identify the exons of protein- coding genes directly from the sequence of the human genome. In preparation for that task, you decide to write down a list of the features that might distinguish protein- coding sequences from intronic DNA and from other sequences in the genome. What features would you list?arrow_forward
- In your own wordsarrow_forward. You obtain the DNA sequence of a mutant of a 2-kb genein which you are interested and it shows base differencesat three positions, all in different codons. One is a silentchange, but the other two are missense changes (they encode new amino acids). How would you demonstratethat these changes are real mutations and not sequencing errors? (Assume that sequencing is about 99.9 percent accurate.)arrow_forwardHemoglobin from the Galapagos tortoise is 64% identical to that from human beings. In contrast, a protein called histone H2B is 98% identical in these two organisms. What level of identity would you expect for histone H2B for gorillas compared with human beings? 0% 32% 64% 100% Would histone H2B be as useful a molecular clock as hemoglobin? No, because its sequence changes too quickly. Yes, because its sequence changes slowly enough. No, because its sequence changes too slowly. Yes, because its sequence changes quickly enough.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Mechanisms of Genetic Change or Evolution; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FE8WvGzS4Q;License: Standard Youtube License