Effect of cancer-promoting mutations on activity of proteins encoded by proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Concept introduction: Spontaneous or induced damage to cells causes mutations. The mutations in genes that regulate cell growth either inhibiting or promoting, result in abnormal uncontrolled growth. The accumulation of these mutations leads to cancer. On the basis of regulation, the genes are categorized as proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Proto-oncogenes are normal growth promoting genes and their mutated forms causing tumor are oncogenes. Tumor-suppressor genes normally inhibit cell proliferation and tumor formation.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18.5, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To explain: Effect of cancer-promoting mutations on activity of proteins encoded by proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes.

Concept introduction:

Spontaneous or induced damage to cells causes mutations. The mutations in genes that regulate cell growth either inhibiting or promoting, result in abnormal uncontrolled growth. The accumulation of these mutations leads to cancer. On the basis of regulation, the genes are categorized as proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Proto-oncogenes are normal growth promoting genes and their mutated forms causing tumor are oncogenes. Tumor-suppressor genes normally inhibit cell proliferation and tumor formation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Your goal is to produce black seeds resistant to mold. So you make the same cross again (between a homozygous black seeded, mold susceptible parent and a homozygous white seeded and mold resistant parent), and, again, advance progeny by SSD to create 100 F10 generation plants. Based on the information you obtained from your first crossing experiment (Question #4), how many F10 plants would you expect to have black seeds and be resistant to mold? Assume that a toxin produced by the mold fungus has been isolated. Only mold resistant seeds will germinate in the presence of the toxin. Could you use this toxin screening procedure to have segregation distortion work in your favor in the F2 generation? Explain your answer. Info from Question 4 a. P Locus (Seed Color): Hypothesis: The null hypothesis (H₀) is that seed color is controlled by alleles at a single locus. Observed Data: Total white seeds: 45 (resistant plants) + 6 (susceptible plants) = 51 Total black seeds: 7 (resistant…

10. Consider the following enzyme and its substrate where the "+" and "-" indicate cations and anions, respectively. Explain which of the following inhibitors could inhibit this enzyme? Which type of inhibitor would it be and why? (Video 5-2) Substrate Enzyme Potential inhibitors

Using Punnett Squares Punnett squares are one good way to predict the outcome of genetic crosses. Punnett squares use mathematical probability to help predict the genotype and phenotype combinations in genetic crosses. The number of possible alleles from each parent determines the number of rows and columns in the Punnett square. Independent Assortment KEY QUESTION How do alleles segregate when more than one gene is involved? Mendel wondered if the segregation of one pair of alleles affects another pair. For example, does the gene that determines the shape of a seed affect the gene for seed color? This type of experiment is known as a two-factor, or dihybrid, cross because it involves two different genes. Single-gene crosses are monohybrid crosses. Visual Reading Tool: Two-Factor Cross: F₂ The Punnett square shows the results of self-crossing the F, generation of a cross between round yellow peas and wrinkled green peas. 1. List the different genotypes in the F, generation. What is the…