Bundle: Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Jewett's Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th Edition, Multi-Term
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133422013
Author: Raymond A. Serway; John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 18, Problem 11CQ
To determine
Argue for the statement “Energy is the mistress of the Universe, and entropy is her shadow” with at least two examples.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Imagine that you are rolling three typical six-sided dice. Each way that you can roll a particular outcome using these three dice represents a microstate for that outcome.
How many ways can you roll a five with these three dice? That is, how many microstates exist for a roll of five with three dice?
What is the entropy associated with an outcome of five in this situation?
A system's "entropy" is
(a) the amount of work the system can do.
(b) the amount of microscopic work the system can do.
(c) the amount of force the system could exert.
(d) the amount of thermal energy in the system.
(e) the amount of microscopic disorganization in the system.
With two dice, each numbered 1–6, there are two possible ways to roll a 3.
Thus, for the outcome of 3 (a particular macrostate), there are 2 microstates.
How many possible ways are there to roll a 5?
number of ways to roll a 5:
What is the entropy associated with an outcome of 5?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Bundle: Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Jewett's Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th Edition, Multi-Term
Ch. 18.1 - The energy input to an engine is 3.00 times...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 18.2QQCh. 18.4 - Prob. 18.3QQCh. 18.6 - (a) Suppose you select four cards at random from a...Ch. 18.7 - Which of the following is true for the entropy...Ch. 18.7 - An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature...Ch. 18.8 - True or False: The entropy change in an adiabatic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1OQCh. 18 - Prob. 2OQCh. 18 - A refrigerator has 18.0 kJ of work done on it...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 4OQCh. 18 - Consider cyclic processes completely characterized...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6OQCh. 18 - Prob. 7OQCh. 18 - Prob. 8OQCh. 18 - A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is contained in...Ch. 18 - Assume a sample of an ideal gas is at room...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11OQCh. 18 - Prob. 1CQCh. 18 - Prob. 2CQCh. 18 - Prob. 3CQCh. 18 - Prob. 4CQCh. 18 - Prob. 5CQCh. 18 - Prob. 6CQCh. 18 - Prob. 7CQCh. 18 - Prob. 8CQCh. 18 - Prob. 9CQCh. 18 - Prob. 10CQCh. 18 - Prob. 11CQCh. 18 - Discuss three different common examples of natural...Ch. 18 - The energy exhaust from a certain coal-fired...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - Prob. 7PCh. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Argon enters a turbine at a rate of 80.0 kg/min, a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - In 1993, the U.S. government instituted a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 23PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - A heat pump used for heating shown in Figure...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - An ice tray contains 500 g of liquid water at 0C....Ch. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - Prob. 31PCh. 18 - (a) Prepare a table like Table 18.1 for the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 33PCh. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - Prob. 36PCh. 18 - Prob. 37PCh. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Prob. 42PCh. 18 - (a) Find the kinetic energy of the moving air in a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle...Ch. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 50PCh. 18 - Prob. 51PCh. 18 - Prob. 52PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - Prob. 54PCh. 18 - Prob. 55PCh. 18 - Prob. 56PCh. 18 - Prob. 57PCh. 18 - Prob. 58PCh. 18 - Prob. 59PCh. 18 - Prob. 60PCh. 18 - Prob. 61PCh. 18 - Prob. 62PCh. 18 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 64PCh. 18 - Prob. 65P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A great deal of effort, time, and money has been spent in the quest for a so-called perpetual-motion machine, which is defined as a hypothetical machine that operates or produces useful work indefinitely and/or a hypothetical machine that produces mole work or energy than it consumes. Explain, in terms of the first law of thermodynamics, why or why not such a machine is likely to be constructed.arrow_forwardWater falls over a dam of height h with a mass flow rate of R, in units of kilograms per second. (a) Show that the power available from the water is P=Rgh where g is the free-fall acceleration. (b) Each hydroelectric unit at the Grand Coulee Dam takes in water at a rate of 8.50 105 kg/s from a height of 87.0 m. The power developed by the falling water is converted to electric power with an efficiency of 85.0%. How much electric power does each hydroelectric unit produce?arrow_forward(a) What is the change in entropy if you start with 10 coins in the 5 heads and 5 tails macrostate, toss them, and get 2 heads and 8 tails? (b) How much more likely is 5 heads and 5 tails than 2 heads and 8 tails? (Take the ratio of the number of microstates to find out.) (c) If you were betting on 2 heads and 8 tails would you accept odds of 252 to 45? Explain Why or why not. Table 15.5 10Coin Toss MacrostateNumber of Microstates (W) Heads Tails 10 0 1 9 1 10 8 2 45 7 3 120 6 4 210 5 5 252 4 6 210 3 7 120 2 8 45 1 9 10 0 10 1 Total: 1024arrow_forward
- As the metals reach thermal equilibrium, what is the entropy change of the universe? Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.arrow_forwardConstruct a table of all the possible combinations of numbers that can come up when you throw two dice. Your friend says, “Yes, I know that 7 is the most likely total number when two dice are thrown. But why 7?” Based on your table, answer your friend, and explain that, in thermodynamics, the situations that are likely to be observed are those that can be formed in the greatest number of ways.arrow_forwardA bit of computer memory is some physical object that can be in two different states, often interpreted as 0 and 1. A byte is eight bits, a kilobyte is 1024 (= 210) bytes, a megabyte is 1024 kilobytes, and a gigabyte is 1024 megabytes. If this entropy is dumped into an environment at room temperature, how much heat must come along with it? Is this amount of heat significant?arrow_forward
- Cold air has less entropy than hot air. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy always increases. Do air conditioners violate this law?arrow_forwardMany decisions are made on the basis of the payback period: the time it will take through savings to equal the capital cost of an investment. Acceptable payback times depend upon the business or philosophy one has. (For some industries, a payback period is as small as two years.) Suppose you wish to install the extra insulation. If energy cost $1.00 per million joules and the insulation was $4.00 per square meter, then calculate the simple payback time. Take the average for the 120 day heating season to be 15.0C.arrow_forwardOn a cold day, 24500 J of heat leaks out of a house. The inside temperature is 21°C, and the outside temperature is -15°C. What is the increase in the entropy of the universe that this heat loss produces?arrow_forward
- The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system not in equilibrium will tend to increase over time. true or false ?arrow_forwardIllustrate the connection between entropy and disorder? Give an example?between entropy and disorder?arrow_forwardMany decisions are made on the basis of the payback period: the time it will take through savings to equal the capital cost of an investment. Acceptable payback times depend upon the business or philosophy one has. (For some industries, a payback period is as small as two years.) Suppose you wish to install the extra insulation in Exercise. If energy cost $1.00 per million joules and the insulation was $4.00 per square meter, then calculate the simple payback time. Take the average ΔT for the 120 day heating season to be 15.0ºC.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...PhysicsISBN:9780078807213Author:Paul W. ZitzewitzPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax College
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...
Physics
ISBN:9780078807213
Author:Paul W. Zitzewitz
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781938168000
Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher:OpenStax College
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305116399
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to Physical Science
Physics
ISBN:9781305079137
Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrwW4w2nAMc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY