Bundle: Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Jewett's Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th Edition, Multi-Term
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133422013
Author: Raymond A. Serway; John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18, Problem 19P
To determine
The coefficient of performance of refrigerator.
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A particular power plant operates with a heat-source reservoir at 350°C and a heatsink reservoir at 30°C. It has a thermal efficiency equal to 55% of the Carnot-engine thermal efficiency for the same temperatures.
What is the thermal efficiency of the plant?
To what temperature must the heat-source reservoir be raised to increase the thermal
efficiency of the plant to 35%? Again, η is 55% of the Carnot-engine value
A NATO base in northern Norway is warmed with a heat pump that uses 7.0°C ocean water
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heat are delivered to the
building at the cost of 600 kW of electrie energy.
a. What is the actual coefficient of performance of the system?
b. What is the theoretical maximum coefficient of performance of the system?
а.
1
Chapter 18 Solutions
Bundle: Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Jewett's Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th Edition, Multi-Term
Ch. 18.1 - The energy input to an engine is 3.00 times...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 18.2QQCh. 18.4 - Prob. 18.3QQCh. 18.6 - (a) Suppose you select four cards at random from a...Ch. 18.7 - Which of the following is true for the entropy...Ch. 18.7 - An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature...Ch. 18.8 - True or False: The entropy change in an adiabatic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1OQCh. 18 - Prob. 2OQCh. 18 - A refrigerator has 18.0 kJ of work done on it...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 4OQCh. 18 - Consider cyclic processes completely characterized...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6OQCh. 18 - Prob. 7OQCh. 18 - Prob. 8OQCh. 18 - A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is contained in...Ch. 18 - Assume a sample of an ideal gas is at room...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11OQCh. 18 - Prob. 1CQCh. 18 - Prob. 2CQCh. 18 - Prob. 3CQCh. 18 - Prob. 4CQCh. 18 - Prob. 5CQCh. 18 - Prob. 6CQCh. 18 - Prob. 7CQCh. 18 - Prob. 8CQCh. 18 - Prob. 9CQCh. 18 - Prob. 10CQCh. 18 - Prob. 11CQCh. 18 - Discuss three different common examples of natural...Ch. 18 - The energy exhaust from a certain coal-fired...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - Prob. 7PCh. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Argon enters a turbine at a rate of 80.0 kg/min, a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - In 1993, the U.S. government instituted a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 23PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - A heat pump used for heating shown in Figure...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - An ice tray contains 500 g of liquid water at 0C....Ch. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - Prob. 31PCh. 18 - (a) Prepare a table like Table 18.1 for the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 33PCh. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - Prob. 36PCh. 18 - Prob. 37PCh. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Prob. 42PCh. 18 - (a) Find the kinetic energy of the moving air in a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle...Ch. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 50PCh. 18 - Prob. 51PCh. 18 - Prob. 52PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - Prob. 54PCh. 18 - Prob. 55PCh. 18 - Prob. 56PCh. 18 - Prob. 57PCh. 18 - Prob. 58PCh. 18 - Prob. 59PCh. 18 - Prob. 60PCh. 18 - Prob. 61PCh. 18 - Prob. 62PCh. 18 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 64PCh. 18 - Prob. 65P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (a) What is the hot reservoir temperature of a Carnot engine that has an eficiency of 42.0% and a cold reservoir temperature of 210C ? (b) What must the hot reservoir temperature be for a real heat engine that achieves 0.700 of the maximum eficiency, but still has an efficiency of 42.0% (and a cold reservoir at 27.0C )? (c) Does your answer imply practical limits to the efficiency of car gasoline engines?arrow_forwardOf the following, which is not a statement of the second law of thermodynamics? (a) No heat engine operating in a cycle can absorb energy from a reservoir and use it entirely to do work, (b) No real engine operating between two energy reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot engine operating between the same two reservoirs, (c) When a system undergoes a change in state, the change in the internal energy of the system is the sum of the energy transferred to the system by heat and the work done on the system, (d) The entropy of the Universe increases in all natural processes, (e) Energy will not spontaneously transfer by heat from a cold object to a hot object.arrow_forwardUse a PV diagram such as the one in Figure 22.2 (page 653) to figure out how you could modify an engine to increase the work done.arrow_forward
- (a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a refrigerator that cools an environment at 30.0C and has heat transfer to another environment at 45.0C ? (b) How much work in joules must be done for a heat transfer of 4186 kJ from the cold environment? (c) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.60106J (a kilowatthour)? (d) How many kJ of heat transfer occurs into the warm environment? (e) Discuss what type of refrigerator might operate between these temperatures.arrow_forward(a) On a winter day, a certain house loses 5.00108J of heat to the outside (about 500,000 Btu). What is the total change in entropy due to this heat transfer alone, assuming an average indoor temperature of 21.0C and an average outdoor temperature of 5.00C ? (b) This large change in entropy implies a large amount of energy has become unavailable to do work. Where do we find more energy when such energy is lost to us?arrow_forwardA sample of a monatomic ideal gas is contained in a cylinder with a piston. Its state is represented by the dot in the PV diagram shown in Figure OQ18.9. Arrows A through E represent isobaric, isothermal, adiabatic, and isovolumetric processes that the sample can undergo. In each process except D, the volume changes by a factor of 2. All five processes are reversible. Rank the processes according to the change in entropy of the gas from the largest positive value to the largest-magnitude negative value. In your rankings, display any cases of equality. Figure OQ18.9arrow_forward
- Figure P22.73 illustrates the cycle ABCA for a 2.00-mol sample of an ideal diatomic gas, where the process CA is a reversible isothermal expansion. What is a. the net work done by the gas during one cycle? b. How much energy is added to the gas by heat during one cycle? c. How much energy is exhausted from the gas by heat during one cycle? d. What is the efficiency of the cycle? e. What would be the efficiency of a Carnot engine operated between the temperatures at points A and B during each cycle?arrow_forward(a) In reaching equilibrium, how much heat transfer occurs from 1.00 kg of water at 40.0C when it is placed in contact with 1.00 kg of 20.0C water in reaching equilibrium? (b) What is the change in entropy due to this heat transfer? (c) How much work is made unavailable, taking the lowest temperature to be 20.0C ? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Entropy.arrow_forwardA heat pump has a coefficient of performance of 3.80 and operates with a power consumption of 7.03 103 W. (a) How much energy does it deliver into a home during 8.00 h of continuous operation? (b) How much energy does it extract from the outside air?arrow_forward
- A heat pump has a coefficient of performance equal to 4.20 and requires a power of 1.75 kW to operate. (a) How much energy does the heat pump add to a home in one hour? (b) If the heat pump is reversed so that it acts as an air conditioner in the summer, what would be its coefficient of performance?arrow_forwardE14 An engineer designs a heat engine using flat-plate solar collectors. The collector deliver heat at 72°C and the engine releases heat to the surroundings at 33°C. What is the maximum possible efficiency of this engine?arrow_forwardA refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of K=2.2 Each cycle, it absorbs 3.35×104 J of heat from the cold reservoir. The refrigerator is driven by a Carnot engine that has an efficiency of e=0.5. A)How much mechanical energy is required each cycle to operate the refrigerator? B)During each cycle, how much heat flows into the Carnot engine?arrow_forward
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