Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17.2, Problem 4LO
Summary Introduction

To describe: The features of Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, Mus musculus, and Arabidopsis thaliana that have made these organisms valuable models in developmental genetics.

Introduction: The growth and development of an organism are controlled by genes. Developmental genetics gives us insight into how these genes influence the growth and development of an organism. The patterns of morphogenesis in different species are investigated. Information necessary to build an organism is passed in the form of genes from one generation to the next.

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provide one example from the Drosophila AP toolkit for "Toolkit genes can be classified according to the phenotypes caused by their mutation. Similar mutant phenotypes often reflect genes that function in a single developmental pathway. Distinct pathways exist for the generation of body axes, for example, and for the formation and identity of fields."
Name three possible factors contributing to early asymmetries in a developing embryo (i.e. what are the kinds of things early on that lead to the development of the body axes - dn, a/p, l/r, etc)? In the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster, the anterior-to-posterior body axis becomes segmented into distinct regions. explain the role of the genes bicoid and nanos in this process.
You have identified a Drosophila gene that is expressed exclusively in the odd-numbered "stripes" in the cellular blastoderm. Assuming that this gene is not redundant, what would be the most likely phenotype cause by a loss-of-function mutation in this gene? an embryo missing odd numbered segments an adult fly with a second pair of wings instead of halteres an embryo with two anterior ends an embryo missing even-numbered segments an embryo missing larval segments 3-10
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