EBK HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780100659834
Author: AMERMAN
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 17, Problem 9CYR
Summary Introduction
To review:
The outcome of the plateau phase that is generated during the action potential of the contractile cell.
Introduction:
About 99% of the atrium of the heart and the ventricles iscomposed of the contractile cells. The contractile cells are required for the contraction of heart ventricles, so that the blood can be supplied to different body parts. The action potential that takes place in the contractile cells is characterized by the presence of a plateau phase that occurs due to the entry of calcium ions inside the cell.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 17 Solutions
EBK HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 17.1 - Where is the heart located, and how large is it?Ch. 17.1 - What are the hearts upper and lower chambers...Ch. 17.1 - 3. From what sources does blood flow into the...Ch. 17.1 - 4. Which side of the heart is considered the...Ch. 17.1 - Which side of the heart is considered the systemic...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 2QCCh. 17.2 - 3. What are the three layers of the heart wall,...Ch. 17.2 - 4. What are the four main great vessels? From...Ch. 17.2 - How do the right and left ventricles differ in...
Ch. 17.2 - 6. Why do you think it is important to ensure via...Ch. 17.2 - 7. What is the overall pathway of blood flow...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 4QCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 5QCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 17.3 - How do pacemaker and contractile cells differ?...Ch. 17.3 - 2. What are intercalated discs? What is their...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 17.3 - Prob. 6QCCh. 17.3 - What is the sequence of events of a contractile...Ch. 17.3 - How does the refractory period of cardiac muscle...Ch. 17.3 - 7. What does an ECG record?
Ch. 17.3 - What are the five waves in an ECG, and what do...Ch. 17.4 - What causes the heart sounds S1 and S2?Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3QCCh. 17.4 - Is the end-diastolic or the end-systolic volume of...Ch. 17.4 - 5. Walk through the mechanical events of the...Ch. 17.4 - How do the ECG waves correlate with each part of...Ch. 17.4 - 7. How does the left ventricular pressure...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 1QCCh. 17.5 - What is cardiac output? How does it relate to...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 17.5 - What is the Frank-Starling law, and how does it...Ch. 17.5 - What is a chronotropic agent?Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 17.5 - 7. What effects does the parasympathetic nervous...Ch. 17.5 - How would a hormone that decreases the amount of...Ch. 17.5 - How is heart failure defined?Ch. 17 - 1. Mark the following statements as true or false....Ch. 17 - 2. The pericardial cavity is located between:
a....Ch. 17 - 3. Which of the following statements is true?
a....Ch. 17 - Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 17 - Fill in the blanks: The coronary arteries are the...Ch. 17 - 6. How do pacemaker cardiac muscle cells differ...Ch. 17 - 7. Cardiac muscle cells are joined by structures...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8CYRCh. 17 - Prob. 9CYRCh. 17 - 10. The _________is the primary pacemaker of the...Ch. 17 - The AV node delay: a. allows the atria and...Ch. 17 - Explain what each of the following terms...Ch. 17 - 13. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14CYRCh. 17 - 15. Fill in the blanks: The first heart sound is...Ch. 17 - Cardiac output is equal to: a. end-diastolic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17CYRCh. 17 - 18. Which of the following statements is false?
a....Ch. 17 - 1. A birth defect called transposition of great...Ch. 17 - 2. Predict which would be more damaging to...Ch. 17 - 3. When the SA node doesn’t function properly, the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 17 - Prob. 1AYKACh. 17 - You are a nursing student in a hospital, and a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 17 - Prob. 4AYKB
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