Chapter 17, Problem 4CYU

Summary Introduction

To review:

The mechanism by which fluid retention by the kidneys and the stimulation of the heart by the sympathetic nervous systemcompensates for HF (heart failure).

Introduction:

HF is also referred as congestive heart failure. It is the condition in which the ability of the heart to function as a pump reduces by a great extent. Heart failure is generally caused due to decreased contractility. Conditions like myocardial infarction or myocardial ischemia and valvular heart diseases may cause decreased contractility of the heart. Myocardial infarction is a condition during which the blood supply to the heart is interrupted, which causes ischemia, or reduced oxygen supply, to that part of the heart. Heart failure results in a reduced stroke rate, as a result of which a reduced cardiac output (CO) is produced.