Chapter 17, Problem 28A

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The broadest category in the classification system is the domain. There are three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Within these domains are six kingdoms. Domain Bacteria and domain Achaea has one kingdom each but domain Eukarya has four kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

Answer to Problem 28A

Correct answer:

The correct answer is option B. Archaea

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option B. Archaea − Archaea are thought to be more ancient than bacteria and yet more closely related to eukaryote ancestors. They can live in extreme environments; hence also called extremophiles. These have been found in hot springs, salty lakes, thermal vents on ocean floor and in marshes. These are also found in acid run-off or sulfur vents of volcanoes.

Hence this is the correct option.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option A. Bacteria−These are the most diverse group of organisms that can survive in many different environments. Some are aerobic while some are anaerobic. These are not found in acid run-off or sulfur vents of volcanoes. Hence this is not the correct option.

Option C. Eubacteria- These includes members of Domain Bacteria and Kingdom Eubacteria. They include a diverse group that can survive in varied habitats and their methods of nutrition also vary. These include prokaryotes like Anabaena and Mycobacterium. They may be autotrophic or heterotrophic in nutrition. These are not found in acid run-off or sulfur vents of volcanoes. Hence this is not the correct option.

Option D. Protista − Members of this kingdom are eukaryotes. Examples are algae, protozoa and slime molds. These are not found in acid run-off or sulfur vents of volcanoes. Hence this is not the correct option.