Chapter 17, Problem 23P

18-26 Answer true or false.

(a) Carboxylic acids are weak acids compared to mineral acids such as HCI, H₂SO₄, and HNO₃.

(b) Phenols, alcohols, and carboxylic acids have in common the presence of an —OH group.

(c) Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than alcohols but weaker acids than phenols.

(d) The order of acidity of the following carboxylic acids is:

(e) The order of acidity of the following carboxylic acids is:

(f) The reaction of benzoic acid with aqueous sodium hydroxide gives sodium benzoate.

(g) A mixture of the following compounds is extracted in order with (1) 1 M HCI, (2) 1 M NaOH, and (3) diethyl ether. Only compound II is extracted into the basic layer.

(h) Conversion of compound I to compound II is best accomplished by reduction with NaBH₄.

(i) The following ester can be prepared by treating benzoic acid with 1-butanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of H₂SO₄:

(j) Thermal decarboxylation of this ((-ketoacid gives benzoic acid and carbon dioxide:

(k) Thermal decarboxylation of this (-ketoacid gives 2-pentanone and carbon dioxide.