Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 17, Problem 13P
In Problem 12, you identified a genomic region that is likely to behave as an eye-specific enhancer. What experiments could you perform to verify that these DNA sequences indeed share all the characteristics of an enhancer and to determine the precise boundaries of the enhancer in the genomic DNA?
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In the module, you have learned about P-element mediated transgenesis in Drosophila and the concept of using transgenes to rescue mutant phenotypes. In the figure below, you will see a wild type fly with its natural eye colour and three mutants with their eye colours changed to vermillion, white and rosy, respectively. A schematic of P-element mediated transgenesis (as shown in the lectures) is also included in the figure. Please inspect the schematic carefully and choose which of the following statements is true:
I.
Injection of the white experimental transgene into the vermillion mutant embryo will not change the vermillion mutant phenotype
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Injection of the white experimental transgene in the rosy mutant embryo will change rosy eye colour to red (wild type)
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Injection of the white experimental transgene in the white mutant embryo will not change the white mutant phenotype
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Injection of the white experimental transgene in the rosy mutant…
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 17 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 17 - For each of the following types of gene...Ch. 17 - List five events other than transcription...Ch. 17 - Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase RNA pol I, pol II,...Ch. 17 - As shown in the following diagram, a single...Ch. 17 - You have synthesized an enhancerless GFP reporter...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7PCh. 17 - Prob. 8PCh. 17 - A single UAS regulates the expression of three...Ch. 17 - MyoD is a transcriptional activator that turns on...
Ch. 17 - a. Assume that two transcription factors are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12PCh. 17 - In Problem 12, you identified a genomic region...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14PCh. 17 - Prob. 15PCh. 17 - Genes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17PCh. 17 - Lysine 4 of histone H3 H3K4 is methylated in the...Ch. 17 - J.T. Lis and collaborators have developed an...Ch. 17 - Hydatiform moles are growths of undifferentiated...Ch. 17 - Prader-Willi syndrome is caused by a mutation in...Ch. 17 - The human IGF2 gene is autosomal and maternally...Ch. 17 - Follow the expression of a paternally imprinted...Ch. 17 - Reciprocal crosses were performed using two inbred...Ch. 17 - Interestingly, imprinting can be tissue-specific....Ch. 17 - Prob. 26PCh. 17 - A method for detecting methylated CpGs involves...Ch. 17 - Honeybees Apis mellifera provide a striking...Ch. 17 - Consider the experiment in Fig. 17.24, where the...Ch. 17 - A protein or RNA that regulates gene expression in...Ch. 17 - a. How can a single eukaryotic gene give rise to...Ch. 17 - A hunchback gene, a gene necessary for proper...Ch. 17 - You know that the mRNA and protein produced by a...Ch. 17 - You are studying a transgenic mouse strain that...Ch. 17 - Prob. 35PCh. 17 - Scientists have exploited the siRNA pathway to...Ch. 17 - Persimmons Diospyros lotus are dioecious plants,...Ch. 17 - Drosophila females homozygous for loss-of-function...Ch. 17 - The text has discussed the RNA-Seq technique,...Ch. 17 - Researchers know that Fru-M controls male sexual...Ch. 17 - The Drosophila gene Sex lethal Sxl is deserving of...Ch. 17 - Figure 17.29 shows that the Sxl protein binds to...
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- Glenn Croston and his colleagues studied the relation between chromatin structure and transcription activity. In one set of experiments, they measured the level of in vitro transcription of a Drosophila gene by RNA polymerase II in the presence of DNA and various combinations of histone proteins (G. E. Croston et al. 1991. Science 251:643–649). First, they measured the level of transcription of naked DNA, with no associated histone proteins. Then they measured the level of transcription after nucleosome octamers (without H1) were added to the DNA. The addition of the octamers caused the level of transcription to drop by 50%. When both nucleosome octamers and H1 proteins were added to the DNA, transcription was greatly repressed, dropping to less than 1% of that obtained with naked DNA, as shown in the table below. GAL4-VP16 is a protein that binds to the DNA of certain eukaryotic genes. When GAL4-VP16 is added to DNA, the level of transcription by RNA polymerase II is greatly elevated.…arrow_forwardExpression of recombinant proteins in yeast is an important tool for biotechnology companies that produce new drugs for human use. In an attempt to get a new gene X expressed in yeast, a researcher has integrated gene X into the yeast genome near a telomere. Will this strategy result in good expression of gene X? Why or why not? Would the outcome of this experiment differ if the experiment had been performed in a yeast line containing mutations in the H3 or H4 histone tails?arrow_forwardMammals are anatomically and physiologically more complex than roundworms, yet both organisms have approximately the same number of genes, about 20,000. Some biologists have argued that mammals and other vertebrates have evolved increased complexity by means of pleiotropy, and that pleiotropy was made possible largely by the evolution of additional enhancers. Propose an explanation for how additional enhancers might produce increased pleiotropy. Can you find examples of this phenomenon?arrow_forward
- . Let’s say that you have incredible skill and can isolate the white and red patches of tissue from the Drosophila eyes shown in Figure 12-24 in order to isolate mRNA from each tissue preparation. Using your knowledge of DNA techniques from Chapter 10, design an experiment that would allow you to determine whether RNA is transcribed from the white gene in the red tissue or the whitetissue or both. If you need it, you have access to radioactive white-gene DNAarrow_forwardWhen Laybourne and Kadonaga studied the effects of histone proteins on eukaryotic transcription using an in vitro transcription assay explain why: a) they used two different DNA templates that contained different promoter structures. b) when they included both activator protein and histones, they always added the histone proteins before adding the activator to the transcription assay mixture. (Ctri) -arrow_forwardIf the binding activity was purified, suggest two experimental approaches that could be taken to verify that this factor is in fact a transcription factor? Explain.arrow_forward
- Explain one experimental strategy for determining the functional role of the mouse HoxD-3 gene.arrow_forwardConsider the mechanism of the enzyme RNase: What would happen to the Km (i.e., would it increase, decrease, or stay the same) if the his12 was mutated to a lysine? Explain. What would happen to the Kcat (i.e., would it increase, decrease, or stay the same) if the his12 was mutated to a valine? Explain.arrow_forwardPlease helparrow_forward
- The ability to selectively modify the genome in the mouse has revolutionized mouse genetics. Outline the procedure for generating a knockout mouse at a specific genetic locus. How can the loxP-Cre system be used to conditionally knock out a gene? What is an important medical application of knockout mice?arrow_forwardA series of exonuclease deletions were used to study the promoter of the rice hemA gene, giving the results shown below (the intact promoter is on top). Based on these results, what conclusions could you draw from each of the deletion construct, and what do you know about the nature of the promoter? Relative activity -500 Reporter gene 100% Reporter gene 180% -350 -250- Reporter gene 180% 75% -150 Reporter gene 45% Reporter gene -100 0% - 8 Reporter genearrow_forwardexpression of recombinant proteins in yeast is an important tool for biotechnology companies that produce new drugs for human use.in an attempt to get a new gene X expressed in yeast, a researcher has integrated gene X into the yeast genome near a telomere. will this strategy result in good expression of gene X? why or why not?arrow_forward
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