Human Anatomy
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073403700
Author: Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 16.3, Problem 11BYGO
Summary Introduction
To write:
The two manners of the interaction of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions when they innervate in the same target organ.
Introduction:
The brain is formed of two cerebral hemispheres. These hemispheres are divided by a furrow known as the longitudinal fissure. The brain is therefore usually described as the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
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In the sympathetic division of the autonomic
nervous system:
Select one:
The ratio between the number of
postganglionic and preganglionic neurons
is small.
A single preganglionic neuron usually
synapses with a single postganglionic
neuron.
An important functional characteristic is
convergence of the preganglionic fibers.
Preganglionic fibers are usually much longer
than the postganglionic fibers.
Activity of the neurons tends to have a more
generalized and widespread effect on the
body.
Compare the primary mechanisms used by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions to clear or remove neurotransmitters? In other words, how do they terminate their neurotransmitter activity? How do they differ from each other?
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isoproterenol
metaproterenol
albuterol
terbutaline
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Question #3
Steven Seagal, age 69, has hypertension and asthma. We are considering treating him with an adrenergic blocker. What are the advantages and disadvantages for each of the drugs below to treat high blood pressure?
doxazosin
prazosin
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atenolol
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What needs to be included when teaching individuals suffering from high blood pressure about the use of an adrenergic blocker?
compare and contrast the differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Use the following scenarios:
Scenario 1: You are walking outside late at night and you hear something in the bushes as you approach your home. Which system will dominate and what physiological changes will occur?
Scenario 2: You have just finished a big dinner and now you are relaxing in your recliner to watch the big ball game. Which system will dominate and what physiological changes will occur? Be sure to at least include what happens to heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. You may include other physiological variables as well. "Not a homework assignment"
Chapter 16 Solutions
Human Anatomy
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 16.2 - Would autonomic postganglionic fibers have faster...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2AWYKCh. 16.2 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 16.2 - Describe or diagram the structural relationships...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 16.2 - Prob. 8BYGO
Ch. 16.3 - To what neurotransmitters do the terms adrenergic...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 16 - The general function and effectors of the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.1.2AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.1.3AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.1.4AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.1.5AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.1.6AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.1.7AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.2.1AYLOCh. 16 - The anatomy of the sympathetic chain of ganglia,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.2.3AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.2.4AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.2.5AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.2.6AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.2.7AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.2.8AYLOCh. 16 - The routes and destination of the parasympathetic...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.2.10AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.3.1AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.3.2AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.3.3AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.3.4AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.3.5AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.3.6AYLOCh. 16 - How the sympathetic division can exert contrasting...Ch. 16 - The multiple levels of CNS control over the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.4.1AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 16.4.2AYLOCh. 16 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 16 - Epinephrine is secreted by sympathetic...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 16 - The neural crok gives rise to all of the following...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 16 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 16 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 16 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 16 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 16 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 16 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 16 - State a meaing of each word element and give a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 16 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 16 - State a meaing of each word element and give a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 2TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 3TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 4TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 5TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 6TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 7TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 8TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 9TOFCh. 16 - Prob. 10TOFCh. 16 - You are dicing raw onions while preparing dinner,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 16 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 16 - What would be the advantage to a wolf in having...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5TYC
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- How can the sympathetic nervous system have contrasting effects in a target organ without dual innervation?arrow_forwardFigure 35.26 Which of the following statements is false? The parasympathetic pathway is responsible for relaxing the body, while the sympathetic pathway is responsible for preparing for an emergency. Most preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic pathway originate in the spinal cord. Slowing of the heartbeat is a parasympathetic response. Parasympathetic neurons are responsible for releasing norepinephrine on the target organ, while sympathetic neurons are responsible for releasing acetylcholine.arrow_forwardDescribe the four pathways of sympathetic neurons.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is correct about the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? Select one: O A. the neurotransmitter released by postganglionic neurons is norepinephrine O B. the neurotransmitter released by postganglionic neurons is acetylcholine O C. sympathetic nerves form synapses in ganglia near or within an internal organ O D. sympathetic nerves exit the central nervous system at the base of the brain and the sacral region of the spinal cord O E. sympathetic nerves typically exit the central nervous system and form ganglia located just outside the brainarrow_forwardIn most instances the sympathetic and parasympathetic have opposite effects on effectors where they both innervate. Describe an example where they have cooperative effects, not the opposite.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not correct about the parasympathetic division? Select one: O A. parasympathetic nerves constitute a part of the autonomic nervous system O B. the neurotransmitter released by preganglionic neurons is acetylcholine O C. parasympathetic nerves always form synapses in ganglia near or within an internal organ O D. the neurotransmitter released by postganglionic neurons is acetylcholine O E. parasympathetic nerves exit the central nervous system at the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cordarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not correct about the parasympathetic division? Select one: O A. the neurotransmitter released by preganglionic neurons is acetylcholine O B. parasympathetic nerves always form synapses in ganglia near or within an internal organ O C. the neurotransmitter released by postganglionic neurons is acetylcholine D. parasympathetic nerves constitute a part of the autonomic nervous system O E. parasympathetic nerves exit the central nervous system at the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord Next pagearrow_forwardWhat are the effector of each organ in sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system in details?arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the basic anatomy of the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems, includingcentral nervous system locations, ganglia locations, pre- and post-ganglionic neuron relative lengths,and ganglionic and effector neurotransmitters.arrow_forward
- For which of the following systems is the neurotransmitter acetylcholine released by neurons at the target tissue? true only for the sympathetic division true only for the parasympathetic division true for both divisions false for both divisionsarrow_forwardn the space provided below, provide a list of 5 examples (EACH) of things that happen within the human body when the following two systems are activated: A) Parasympathetic System activated (5 examples) B) Sympathetic System activated (5 examples)arrow_forwardDiscuss the functions of the sympathetic systemarrow_forward
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