a) m-Chloronitrobenzene. Interpretation: How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown. Concept introduction: In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated. To show: How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Question

I'm trying to memorize VESPR Shapes to solve problems like those. I need help making circles like the second image in blue or using an x- and y-axis plane to memorize these and solve those types of problems, especially the ones given in the top/first image (180, 120, 109.5). Can you help me with this? or is their any other efficient method do so

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16.10, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

a) m-Chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) m-Chloroethylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a meta halogen substituted alkyl benzene is to be synthesized benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to get the desired product.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) 4-Chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a propyl benzene with a nitro group in the ortho position and a Cl at meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield a m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to a m-chloroalkyl benzene. Alkyl groups are o- and p- directing. Hence by nitrating the m-chloroalkyl benzene the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A benzenesulfonic acid with a methyl group in the ortho position and a Br at the meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into toluene by Friedal-Crafts alkylation. The toluene upon sulfonation will yield a methyl sulfonic acid. By brominating the methylsulfonic acid the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene.

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I'm trying to memorize VESPR Shapes to solve problems like those. I need help making circles like the second image in blue or using an x- and y-axis plane to memorize these and solve those types of problems, especially the ones given in the top/first image (180, 120, 109.5). Can you help me with this? or is their any other efficient method do so

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Question 6 of 7 (1 point) | Question Attempt: 1 of 1 = 1 ✓2 ✓ 3 ✓ 4 ✓ 5 6 ✓ 7 This organic molecule is dissolved in a basic aqueous solution: Jen ✓ ? A short time later sensitive infrared spectroscopy reveals the presence of a new C-OH stretch absorption. That is, must now be a new molecule present with at least one C- OH bond. there 18 In the drawing area below, show the detailed mechanism that could convert the molecule above into the new molecule Ar © + Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Add/Remove step Click and drawing Save For Later Submit Assignment

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 16.10, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

a) m-Chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) m-Chloroethylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a meta halogen substituted alkyl benzene is to be synthesized benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to get the desired product.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) 4-Chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a propyl benzene with a nitro group in the ortho position and a Cl at meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield a m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to a m-chloroalkyl benzene. Alkyl groups are o- and p- directing. Hence by nitrating the m-chloroalkyl benzene the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A benzenesulfonic acid with a methyl group in the ortho position and a Br at the meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into toluene by Friedal-Crafts alkylation. The toluene upon sulfonation will yield a methyl sulfonic acid. By brominating the methylsulfonic acid the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 16.10, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

a) m-Chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) m-Chloroethylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a meta halogen substituted alkyl benzene is to be synthesized benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to get the desired product.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) 4-Chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a propyl benzene with a nitro group in the ortho position and a Cl at meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield a m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to a m-chloroalkyl benzene. Alkyl groups are o- and p- directing. Hence by nitrating the m-chloroalkyl benzene the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A benzenesulfonic acid with a methyl group in the ortho position and a Br at the meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into toluene by Friedal-Crafts alkylation. The toluene upon sulfonation will yield a methyl sulfonic acid. By brominating the methylsulfonic acid the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 16.10, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

a) m-Chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) m-Chloroethylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a meta halogen substituted alkyl benzene is to be synthesized benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to get the desired product.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) 4-Chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a propyl benzene with a nitro group in the ortho position and a Cl at meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield a m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to a m-chloroalkyl benzene. Alkyl groups are o- and p- directing. Hence by nitrating the m-chloroalkyl benzene the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A benzenesulfonic acid with a methyl group in the ortho position and a Br at the meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into toluene by Friedal-Crafts alkylation. The toluene upon sulfonation will yield a methyl sulfonic acid. By brominating the methylsulfonic acid the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16.10, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

a) m-Chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b) m-Chloroethylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a meta halogen substituted alkyl benzene is to be synthesized benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to get the desired product.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

c) 4-Chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a propyl benzene with a nitro group in the ortho position and a Cl at meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield a m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to a m-chloroalkyl benzene. Alkyl groups are o- and p- directing. Hence by nitrating the m-chloroalkyl benzene the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

d) 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A benzenesulfonic acid with a methyl group in the ortho position and a Br at the meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into toluene by Friedal-Crafts alkylation. The toluene upon sulfonation will yield a methyl sulfonic acid. By brominating the methylsulfonic acid the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene.

Answer 6

Chapter 16.10, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

a) m-Chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Answer 7

Chapter 16.10, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

a) m-Chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions the nitro group is meta directing. Since a meta chloronitrobenzene is to be synthesized, benzene is first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained is then chlorinated.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloronitrobenzene from benzene.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b) m-Chloroethylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a meta halogen substituted alkyl benzene is to be synthesized benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to get the desired product.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b) m-Chloroethylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a meta halogen substituted alkyl benzene is to be synthesized benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to get the desired product.

To show:

How to synthesize m-chloroethylbenzene from benzene.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c) 4-Chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a propyl benzene with a nitro group in the ortho position and a Cl at meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield a m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to a m-chloroalkyl benzene. Alkyl groups are o- and p- directing. Hence by nitrating the m-chloroalkyl benzene the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c) 4-Chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Since a propyl benzene with a nitro group in the ortho position and a Cl at meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into a meta directing ketone by Friedal-Crafts acylation. The ketone upon halogenation will yield a m-halogen substituted ketone which can be reduced to a m-chloroalkyl benzene. Alkyl groups are o- and p- directing. Hence by nitrating the m-chloroalkyl benzene the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 4-chloro-1-nitro-2-propylbenzene from benzene.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d) 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A benzenesulfonic acid with a methyl group in the ortho position and a Br at the meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into toluene by Friedal-Crafts alkylation. The toluene upon sulfonation will yield a methyl sulfonic acid. By brominating the methylsulfonic acid the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d) 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Interpretation:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A benzenesulfonic acid with a methyl group in the ortho position and a Br at the meta position is to be synthesized. Benzene is first converted into toluene by Friedal-Crafts alkylation. The toluene upon sulfonation will yield a methyl sulfonic acid. By brominating the methylsulfonic acid the desired product can be synthesized.

To show:

How to synthesize 3-bromo-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid from benzene.

Answer 14

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Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 16.2 - Propose a mechanism for the electrophilic...Ch. 16.2 - How many products might be formed on chlorination...Ch. 16.2 - When benzene is treated with D2SÅª4. deuterium...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 16.3 - What is the major monosubstitution product from...Ch. 16.3 - Identify the carboxylic acid chloride that might...Ch. 16.4 - Rank the compounds in each of the following groups...Ch. 16.4 - Predict the major products of the following...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 10P

Chapter 16 Solutions