Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321918550
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 8MC
Which cells express MHC class I molecules in a patient?
- a. red blood cells
- b. antigen-presenting cells only
- c. neutrophils only
- d. all nucleated cells
- e. dendritic cells only
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In regard to antigen presentation, MHC class I molecules usually present peptides derived from _____, whereas MHC class II molecules usually present peptides derived from _____.
a. intracellular cytosolic sources; vesicular system
b. phagolysosome; proteasomes
c. MIIC; self proteins
d. CLIP; HLA-DM
e. endocytic vesicles; endoplasmic reticulum.
Why HIV doesn’t naturally induce a strong CD8+ T cell response?
(Select all that apply if more than one option is correct.)
a. The virus is not recognized by BCRs
b. HIV antigens cannot be presented on MHC II
c. HIV antigens cannot be presented on MHC I
d. HIV does not readily infect non-T cells
e. HIV cannot interact with CD8
2. Explain the previous question by select all the correct following options. How are CD8+ T cell responses against HIV induced? HIV antigens need to be ______.
a. presented to CD8 T cells by B cells
b. cross-presented
c. presented to CD8 T cells by unnifected DCs
d. delivered as a vaccine
Which of the following is part of the second line of defense against pathogens?a. skin b. mucus membranesc. lysozyme in tears d. phagocytes
Which of the following does NOT have MHC class II molecules on the surface of their cell membranes? a. Macrophages.b. Dendritic cells.c. B cells.d. Helper T cells.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Why are the activities of B and T cells called...Ch. 16 - Why are exogenous epitopes processed in vesicles...Ch. 16 - Why did scientists give the name perforin to a...Ch. 16 - Plasma cells are vital for protection against...Ch. 16 - Microsporidiosis Darius is sick, which is not...Ch. 16 - Why is passive immunity effective more quickly...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCCh. 16 - Rejection of a foreign skin graft is an example of...Ch. 16 - An autoantigen is ________________. a. an antigen...
Ch. 16 - Among the key molecules that control cell-mediated...Ch. 16 - Which of the following lymphocytes predominates in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7MCCh. 16 - Which cells express MHC class I molecules in a...Ch. 16 - In which of the following sites in the body can B...Ch. 16 - Tc cells recognize epitopes only when the latter...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MTFCh. 16 - Prob. 2MTFCh. 16 - Prob. 3MTFCh. 16 - Prob. 4MTFCh. 16 - Prob. 5MTFCh. 16 - Match each cell in the left column with its...Ch. 16 - Match each type of immunity in the left column...Ch. 16 - Label the parts of the immunoglobulin below.Ch. 16 - The nearby image is a transmission electron...Ch. 16 - When is antigen processing an essential...Ch. 16 - Why does the body have both antibody and...Ch. 16 - Why is it advantageous for the lymphatic system to...Ch. 16 - Contrast innate defenses with adaptive immunity.Ch. 16 - How does requiring the immune system to process...Ch. 16 - Scientists can develop genetically deficient...Ch. 16 - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preferentially...Ch. 16 - What would happen to a person who failed to make...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7CTCh. 16 - Some materials, such as metal bone pins and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 9CTCh. 16 - The cross-sectional area of the afferent lymphatic...Ch. 16 - Two students are studying for an exam on the bodys...Ch. 16 - In general, what sorts of pathogens might be able...Ch. 16 - What sorts of pathogens could successfully attack...Ch. 16 - As part of the treatment for some cancers,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1CM
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Match the molecule or domains of molecules in Column A to what it binds in Column B.arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following cells are myeloid and which are lymphoid. a. Dendritic cells b. Neutrophils c. NK cells d. Neutrophils e. Macrophages f. Tc cells g. B cells h. ILCsarrow_forwardB cells that produce and release large amounts of antibody are called: a. Memory cells b. Basophils c. Plasma cells d. Killer cells e. Neutrophilsarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not used as a treatment for autoimmune diseases? Select one: A. Anti-IL2 receptor B. Anti-CD4 C. Anti-MHC D. Anti-CCR5 E. Anti-T cell receptorarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding CD1 is correct? a. CD1 binding grooves are very similar to those of MHC class I molecules. b. Lipid antigens of CD1 bind with high affinity and are rarely exchanged. c. CD1 comprises three MHC class I-like heavy chains known as CD1c, CD1d, and CD1e, each belonging to a different functional group. d. CD1 molecules form heterodimers with β2-microglobulin. e. When a CD1d molecule presents sulfatide to a γ:δ T cell, all three CDR loops of both the γ and δ chains must be engaged to activate the T cell. f. CD1 genes are located in the HLA complex on chromosome 6.arrow_forwardDendritic cells take up, process or present antigen by all of the following routes except Select one: a. receptor-mediated endocytosis of bacteria. b. macropinocytosis of bacteria or viruses. c. uptake of viruses using Toll-like receptor TLR9. d. cross-presentation from the MHC class II pathway to the MHC class I pathway. Oe. cross-presentation from incoming infected dendritic cells to healthy resident dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid tissue. Of. delivery of viral peptides from cytosol to endoplasmic reticulum during viral infection.arrow_forward
- The high degree of polymorphism in MHC class I molecules that present antigens to CD8 T cells is found in _______ because _______ is/are monomorphic: a. β2-microglobulin; the heavy chain b. both the α and β chains; none c. HLA-DOβ; HLA-DOα d. the heavy chain; β2-microglobulin e. HLA-E and HLA-G; HLA-F.arrow_forwardA number of minor cancerous cells and infected viruses, such as Epstein Barr (EBV), are able to go undetected by cytotoxic T cell degradation by what possible mechanism? a. the production of normal class I MHC molecule b. helper T cell activation c. the deactivation of the complement system d. tumor antigen expression e. the production of the class II major histocompatability (MHC) moledulearrow_forwardWrite of the following statements is correct? A. Antigen fragments that bind to MHC class I molecules are typically in endosomes. B. TAP1 and TAP2 are present on the plasma membrane of APCs. C. Proteasomes process antigens within the endoplasmic reticulum. D. Newly synthesized MHC class I molecules can be found within endosomes. E. Newly synthesized MHC class I α chains assemble in the ER with calnexin.arrow_forward
- Match the appropriate term on the left with the appropriate definition of the right Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern MCH II MHC I Pattern Recognition Receptor A. A large macromolecule produced by pathogens which is unlike any macromolecule produced by the host B. An immune molecule which displays proteins from phagocytosed pathogens on the immune cell surface C. An immune molecule which displays normal cell proteins or proteins from intracellular pathogens on the surface of any host cell D. An immune receptor which recognizes macromolecules produced by broad classes of pathogensarrow_forwardWhich of the following explains why dendritic cells, but not macrophages or B cells, contribute to the activation of naive T cells? a. Macrophages and B cells do not express MHC class II molecules until they are activated. b. Dendritic cells upregulate B7 after engaging innate immunity receptors at sites of infection. c. Dendritic cells express higher levels of CTLA4. d. Macrophages and B cells do not process antigen. e. Dendritic cells use Toll-like receptors to hold antigen in place for extended periods of time.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true for antigen presentation. a. Antigen presentation means that other cells attach the pathogen first and present it to T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor to B cells c. Antigen presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor on their surface. d. Antigen-presenting cells are phagocytic cells e. Antigen presentation is required for T cell activation f. Cytokines released by macrophages are required for T cell activation g. T cell receptors recognize the MHC receptors in complex with antigen fragments displayed by antigen-presenting cells. h. Phagocytic cells are involved in innate immunity. Therefore they have no role in T-cell activationarrow_forward
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