Chapter 16, Problem 72E

Coal can be used to generate hydrogen gas (a potential fuel) by the endothermic reaction:

$\text{C}\left(\text{s}\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{g}\right)\rightleftharpoons \text{CO}\left(\text{g}\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)$

If this reaction mixture is at equilibrium, predict whether each disturbance will result in the formation of less additional hydrogen gas, the formation of less hydrogen gas, or have no effect on the quantity of hydrogen gas.

a. adding C to the reaction mixture
b. adding H₂O to the reaction mixture
c. raising the temperature of the reaction mixture
d. increasing the volume of the reaction mixture
e. adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture
f. adding an inert gas to the reaction mixture