ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 4/E PAC 1 SEMESTER
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781265061173
Author: McKinley
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 16, Problem 4CAL
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The eye is the sensitive part of a sense organ. It provides vision. It consists of photoreceptor cells such as rods and cones cells that are responsible for image formation in night and day.
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Which of the following statements are true of the physiology of vision? (Read carefully and select all the correct statements.)
A.
Cones are the receptors for color.
B.
The lens adjusts for distant vision, and the cornea adjusts for near vision.
C.
The optic nerve is formed by the ganglion neurons of the choroid layer.
D.
For near vision, the pupils dilate and the eyes converge.
E.
The optic chiasma is a crossing of optic nerve fibers that contributes to binocular vision.
F.
The visual areas are in the occipital lobes of the cerebrum.
G.
The area of the retina for the best color vision is the optic disc.
H.
Rods are most numerous at the periphery of the retina.
Because fibers of the optic nerve that originate in the nasal halves of each retina cross over at the optic chiasma, each lateral geniculate receives input from a.both the right and left sides of the visual field of both eyes. b.the ipsilateral visual field of both eyes. c.the contralateral visual field of both eyes. d.the ipsilateral field of one eye and the contralateral field of the other eye.
Why is a retinal defect, such as retinitis pigmentosa, which causes tunnel vision, associated with night blindness?
a. Tunnel vision and night blindness are unrelated conditions.
b. The high density of rod photoreceptors in the fovea are unaffected in each condition.
c. The highest resolution cone photoreceptors are found exclusively in the outer regions of the retina.
d. The color-detecting cone photoreceptors have the greatest density in the outer regions of the retina.
e. The highly-sensitive rod photoreceptors are located in the outer regions of the retina.
Chapter 16 Solutions
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 4/E PAC 1 SEMESTER
Ch. 16.1 - How does a sensory receptor function as a...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 2WDYLCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3WDYLCh. 16.1 - Prob. 4WDYLCh. 16.2 - What are the three types of unencapsulated tactile...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 6WDYLCh. 16.2 - Prob. 7WDYLCh. 16.3 - What is the role of the mucus in detection of...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 9WDYLCh. 16.3 - Prob. 10WDYL
Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 11WDYLCh. 16.4 - Prob. 12WDYLCh. 16.4 - Prob. 13WDYLCh. 16.4 - What are the three eye tunics; what is the primary...Ch. 16.4 - Compare the anatomic structure of the cornea and...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16WDYLCh. 16.4 - Prob. 17WDYLCh. 16.4 - Prob. 18WDYLCh. 16.4 - What are the differences between rods and cones...Ch. 16.4 - How does dark adaptation differ from light...Ch. 16.4 - What occurs during phototransduction of light?Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 22WDYLCh. 16.4 - Prob. 23WDYLCh. 16.5 - Prob. 24WDYLCh. 16.5 - Prob. 25WDYLCh. 16.5 - Prob. 26WDYLCh. 16.5 - What are the steps for detecting sounds?Ch. 16.5 - Compare the difference in how we perceive pitch...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 29WDYLCh. 16.5 - Prob. 30WDYLCh. 16.5 - Prob. 31WDYLCh. 16 - _____ 1. Unencapsulated, terminal endings of...Ch. 16 - _____ 2. Each of these sensory receptors is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 4DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 5DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 6DYKBCh. 16 - _____ 7. Which ear structure is correctly matched...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 9DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 10DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 11DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 12DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 13DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 14DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 15DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 16DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 17DYKBCh. 16 - Prob. 18DYKBCh. 16 - Describe the pathway by which sound waves enter...Ch. 16 - Explain how the vestibule and semicircular canals...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1CALCh. 16 - Prob. 2CALCh. 16 - Prob. 3CALCh. 16 - Prob. 4CALCh. 16 - Prob. 5CALCh. 16 - Prob. 1CSLCh. 16 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 16 - Prob. 3CSL
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- What happens after damage limited to area MT? What may occur if MT is intact but area V1 is damaged? a. Damage to MT causes prosopagnosia. If MT is intact but V1 is damaged, the person can perceive faces but nothing else. b. Damage to MT causes blindness. If MT is intact but V1 is damaged, the person suffers prosopagnosia. c. Damage to MT causes motion blindness. If MT is intact but V1 is damaged, the person perceives movement but cannot identify the object. d. Damage to MT causes blindness. If MT is intact but V1 is damaged, the person cannot perceive movement.arrow_forwardWhich of the following structures does not receive direct input from retinal ganglion cells? a. Primary visual cortex b. The suprachiasmiatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus c. The superior colliculus in the tectum d. The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in the thalamus The Glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) is a “mixed nerve,” meaning that it carries sensory and motor information. One of the functions of this nerve is carrying taste information from the caudal third of the tongue. The fibers that carry this information in the glossopharyngeal nerve are classified as which component type? a. Special efferent b. Special afferent c. General visceral efferent d. General somatic afferentarrow_forwardColour blindness can result from the loss of specific types of cones, or it can occur in individuals having fewer cones of a given type. An individual has 50% less than the normal number of green cone photoreceptors in his or her retina. How would this affect his or her vision? a. This person has night blindness. He or she should start to eat more carrots to replenish the stock of retinal molecules in the retina. b. This person will have difficulty adapting to varying light levels. His or her cone receptors take much longer to adapt in a brightly lit area. c. This person does not have a colour blindness because no green cone photoreceptors are in the retina; only red, yellow, and blue photoreceptors exist. d. This person has a mild green colour blindness. He or she cannot see green colours very clearly and has difficulty distinguishing colours involving green hues.arrow_forward
- Horner syndrome is a condition where sympathetic innervation to one side of the head and neck is damaged. What visual disturbances would you expect a person to have if she had Horner syndrome? a. inability to accommodate the eyes for near vision b. constricted pupil c. permanently flattened lens d. abduction of the affected eyearrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE of the manner in which visual information is transferred from the eyes to the cortex? A. None of the choice options are TRUE B. All information from the retina of the left eye is transmitted to the ipsilateral hemisphere C. All information from the retina of the right eye is transmitted to the contralateral hemisphere D. All information from the left visual field is transmitted to the ipsilateral hemisphere E. All information from the right visual field is transmitted to the contralateral hemispherearrow_forwardWhich of these statements is not true with respect to olfaction?a. Olfactory sensation is relayed directly to the cerebral cortex withoutpassing through the thalamus.b. Olfactory neurons are replaced about every 2 months.c. The olfactory cortex is involved in the conscious perception of smell.d. The secondary olfactory areas are responsible for visceral andemotional reactions to odors.e. The olfactory cortex is in the occipital lobe of the cerebrum.arrow_forward
- What early experience, if any, is necessary to maintain binocular input to the neurons of the visual cortex?A. Cortical cells will always maintain binocular responsiveness, regardless of their experience.B. Cortical cells must receive some input to each eye every day.C. Cortical cells must receive an equal amount of input from the two eyes.D. Cortical cells must usually receive simultaneous input from the two eyes.arrow_forwardAt each level of the retina-geniculate-striate system, receptive fields in the foveal area are ___ than those at the periphery Select one: a. both smaller and rounder, for the reasons mentioned in each respective option b. larger, since the fovea mediates low acuity vision c. smaller, since the fovea mediates high acuity vision d. rounder, the receptive fields in the periphery tend to be more square-shapedarrow_forwardNear and far vision are accommodated through the muscles of the A. fundus. B. ciliary body. C. iris. D. choroidarrow_forward
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