
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781464126116
Author: David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 16, Problem 25P
Summary Introduction
To determine: The nature of citric acid cycle as amphibolic pathway.
Introduction:
Citric acid cycle is a part of
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Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with long hydrophobic tails. Draw the line-bond structure of cis-A9-hexadecenoate. Clearly
show the cis-trans stereochemistry.
The formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate is an ATP-driven reaction:
Acetate + ATP + COA Acetyl CoA+AMP+ PP
Calculate AG for this reaction given that the AG for the hydrolysis of acetyl CoA to acetate and CoA is -31.4 kJ mol-1
(-7.5 kcal mol-¹) and that the AG for hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and PP; is -45.6 kJ mol-1 (-10.9 kcal mol-¹).
AG
reaction
kJ mol-1
The PP, formed in the preceding reaction is rapidly hydrolyzed in vivo because of the ubiquity of inorganic pyrophosphatase.
The AG for the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PP.) is -19.2 KJ mol-¹ (-4.665 kcal mol-¹). Calculate the AG° for the overall
reaction, including pyrophosphate hydrolysis.
AGO
reaction with PP, hydrolysis
=
What effect does the presence of pyrophosphatase have on the formation of acetyl CoA?
It does not affect the overall reaction.
It makes the overall reaction even more endergonic.
It brings the overall reaction closer to equilibrium.
It makes the overall reaction even more exergonic.
kJ mol-1
Consider the Haworth projections of ẞ-L-galactose and ẞ-L-glucose shown here.
OH
CH₂OH
OH
CH₂OH OH
OH
OH
ОН
OH
он
B-L-galactose
B-L-glucose
Which terms describe the relationship between these two sugars?
epimers
enantiomers
anomers
diastereomers
Chapter 16 Solutions
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1PCh. 16 - Prob. 2PCh. 16 - Prob. 3PCh. 16 - Prob. 4PCh. 16 - Prob. 5PCh. 16 - Prob. 6PCh. 16 - Prob. 7PCh. 16 - Prob. 8PCh. 16 - Prob. 9PCh. 16 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 16 - Prob. 11PCh. 16 - Prob. 12PCh. 16 - Prob. 13PCh. 16 - Prob. 14PCh. 16 - Prob. 15PCh. 16 - Prob. 16PCh. 16 - Prob. 17PCh. 16 - Prob. 18PCh. 16 - Prob. 19PCh. 16 - Prob. 20PCh. 16 - Prob. 21PCh. 16 - Prob. 22PCh. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - Prob. 24PCh. 16 - Prob. 25PCh. 16 - Prob. 26PCh. 16 - Prob. 27PCh. 16 - Prob. 28PCh. 16 - Prob. 29PCh. 16 - Prob. 30PCh. 16 - Prob. 31PCh. 16 - Prob. 32PCh. 16 - Prob. 33PCh. 16 - Prob. 34PCh. 16 - Prob. 35DAP
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Similar questions
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- Sort the descriptions into properties that describe either saturated phospholipids or unsaturated phospholipids. Saturated phospholipids Saturated and unsaturated phospholipids Unsaturated phospholipids Answer Bank have no double bonds in the fatty acid carbon chains have straight fatty acid tails have at least one double bond in the fatty acid tails have bent fatty acid tails are built upon a glycerol backbone make the membrane somewhat rigid at low temperatures allow the membrane to remain fluid and flexible at low temperatures fatty acid tails pack tightly together maintain some space between adjacent phospholipidsarrow_forwardPlace the events of an action potential in order, starting and ending with a cell at its resting membrane potential. Cell starts at its resting membrane potential. Cell returns to its resting membrane potential. Answer Bank K+ channels fully open, and Na+ channels are inactivated. K* rushes out of the cell, causing repolarization. K+ channels close slowly, resulting in hyperpolarization. Na+ channel gates reset. Fast Na+ and slow K+ channels are activated. Na rushes into the cell, causing membrane depolarization. Ligand activation of the acetylcholine receptor depolarizes the membrane.arrow_forwardGlucose and fructose are reducing sugars. Sucrose, or table sugar, is a disaccharide consisting of both fructose and glucose. Is sucrose a reducing sugar? Why or why not? No, because only one anomeric carbon is involved in the glycosidic linkage. No, because both anomeric carbons are involved in the glycosidic linkage. Yes, because the fructose unit can convert to the open-chain form. Yes, because the glucose unit can convert to the open-chain form. Which statements about reducing sugars are true? The oxidation of a reducing sugar forms a carboxylic acid sugar. D-Arabinose (an aldose) is a reducing sugar. Reducing sugars contain keto groups instead of aldehyde groups. A disaccharide with its anomeric carbons joined by the glycosidic linkage cannot be a reducing sugar. A reducing sugar will not react with the Cu² + in Fehlings's reagent.arrow_forward
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