Chapter 16, Problem 21E

Calculate the standard cell potential for each reaction below, and note whether the reaction is spontaneous under standard state conditions.

(a) $\text{Mg}\left(\text{s}\right){\text{ + Ni}}^{\text{2+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Mg}}^{\text{2+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{ + Ni}\left(\text{s}\right)$

(b) ${\text{2Ag}}^{\text{+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{ + Cu}\left(\text{s}\right)\to {\text{Cu}}^{\text{2+}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{ + 2Ag}\left(\text{s}\right)$

(c) $\text{Mn}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{ +Sn}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{Mn}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{ + Sn}\left(\text{s}\right)$

(d) $\text{3Fe}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{ + Au}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{3Fe}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{ + Au}\left(\text{s}\right)$