
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a compound having the same composition and formula as another compound, but a different structure�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
The isomers of a compound have the same molecular formula with a different arrangement of atoms. Thus, the term, ‘isomer’, refers to a compound with the same composition and formula as another compound, but a different structure.
(b)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “an organic compound containing the
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Alcohols are characterized by the presence of the functional group,
(c)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a condensation product of carboxylic acids and alcohols having the general formula,
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Esters are formed by the condensation of carboxylic acids with alcohol.
Thus, the term, ‘ester’, corresponds to a condensation product of carboxylic acids and alcohols having the general formula,
(d)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “an organic compound containing the functional group,
(d)

Explanation of Solution
In
(e)
Interpretation:
The given statement, ‘a hydrocarbon that has a ring or closed chain structure�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(e)

Explanation of Solution
Cyclic hydrocarbons contain a closed chain of carbon atoms. Thus, the term, ‘cyclic hydrocarbon’, corresponds to a hydrocarbon that has a ring or closed chain structure.
(f)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a hydrocarbon that contains all the hydrogens it can hold as a result of having only carbon-carbon single bonds�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(f)

Explanation of Solution
In a saturated hydrocarbon, the carbon atom forms four bonds. In
(g)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a group derived from an alkane by the removal of a hydrogen atom�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(g)

Explanation of Solution
When a hydrogen atom is removed from an alkane, the group obtained is called an alkyl group. Thus, the term, ‘alkyl group’, corresponds to a group derived from an alkane.
(h)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a saturated hydrocarbon that contains a ring structure�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(h)

Explanation of Solution
In a saturated hydrocarbon, all the carbon-carbon bonds are single. They are also called alkanes. Alkanes can be closed ring or open chained. A closed ring of carbon atoms containing all single bonds is called a cycloalkane. Thus, the term, ‘cycloalkane’, corresponds to a saturated hydrocarbon that contains a ring structure.
(i)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a hydrocarbon that contains localized single, double or triple bonds�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(i)

Explanation of Solution
In aliphatic hydrocarbons, the electrons in the bonds are not delocalized and there is no resonance. However, the bonds between carbon atoms can be single, double or triple. Thus, the term, ‘aliphatic hydrocarbon’, corresponds to a hydrocarbon that contains localized single, double or triple bonds.
(j)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a small molecule that contains both, the
(j)

Explanation of Solution
Amino acids contain both amino and
(k)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “the study of organic compounds�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(k)

Explanation of Solution
Organic compounds are compounds made of carbon. The subject that deals with the study of organic compounds is called
(l)
Interpretation:
The given statement, “a hydrocarbon that does not contain all the hydrogen atoms that could possibly be included due to multiple carbon-carbon bonds�, is to be matched to its appropriate key term.
(l)

Explanation of Solution
An
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Introduction To Chemistry
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