The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified Concept Introduction : An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons. An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom. The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles. 1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons. 2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins. 3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin. The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written. To find : Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a) Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1.6, Problem 18PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a)

Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

4. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

5. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

6. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (b)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

7. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

8. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

9. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

10. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

11. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

12. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (d)

Fluorine is placed in VIIA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 9. Therefore, fluorine has nine electrons in its shells.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

13. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

14. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

15. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (e)

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

16. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

17. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

18. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (f)

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1.6, Problem 18PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a)

Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

4. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

5. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

6. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (b)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

7. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

8. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

9. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

10. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

11. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

12. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (d)

Fluorine is placed in VIIA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 9. Therefore, fluorine has nine electrons in its shells.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

13. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

14. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

15. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (e)

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

16. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

17. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

18. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (f)

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1.6, Problem 18PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a)

Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

4. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

5. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

6. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (b)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

7. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

8. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

9. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

10. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

11. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

12. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (d)

Fluorine is placed in VIIA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 9. Therefore, fluorine has nine electrons in its shells.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

13. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

14. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

15. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (e)

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

16. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

17. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

18. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (f)

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1.6, Problem 18PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a)

Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

4. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

5. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

6. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (b)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

7. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

8. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

9. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

10. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

11. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

12. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (d)

Fluorine is placed in VIIA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 9. Therefore, fluorine has nine electrons in its shells.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

13. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

14. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

15. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (e)

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

16. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

17. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

18. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (f)

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Answer 5

Chapter 1.6, Problem 18PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a)

Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

4. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

5. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

6. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (b)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

7. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

8. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

9. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

10. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

11. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

12. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (d)

Fluorine is placed in VIIA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 9. Therefore, fluorine has nine electrons in its shells.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

13. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

14. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

15. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (e)

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

16. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

17. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

18. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (f)

Answer 6

Chapter 1.6, Problem 18PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a)

Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

Answer 7

Chapter 1.6, Problem 18PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

1. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

2. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

3. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (a)

Carbon is placed in IVA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 6. Therefore, carbon has six electrons in its shells.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

4. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

5. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

6. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (b)

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

4. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

5. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

6. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (b)

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

7. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

8. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

9. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

7. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

8. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

9. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

10. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

11. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

12. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (d)

Fluorine is placed in VIIA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 9. Therefore, fluorine has nine electrons in its shells.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

10. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

11. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

12. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (d)

Fluorine is placed in VIIA group of the periodic table. Its atomic number is 9. Therefore, fluorine has nine electrons in its shells.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

13. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

14. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

15. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (e)

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

13. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

14. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

15. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (e)

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

16. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

17. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

18. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (f)

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration for the given atoms should be identified

Concept Introduction: An orbital is a region of space in which electrons are filled. It can hold up to two electrons.

An atomic orbital is the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into 4 orbitals such as s, p, d and f orbitals which depend upon the number of electrons present in the nucleus of a particular atom.

The orders in which orbitals are filled by the electrons are governed by three basic principles.

16. Aufbau principle: In the ground state of an atom, an electron enters the orbital with lowest energy first and subsequent electrons are fed in the order of increasing energies. The word 'aufbau' in German means 'building up'. Here, it refers to the filling up of orbitals with electrons.

17. Pauli exclusion principle: As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

18. Hund’s rule: Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is paired and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. By following these three principles, electronic configuration of a particular atom is written.

To find: Get the total number of electrons for the given atom (f)

Answer 18

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 19

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 20

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Answer 21

Ch. 1.2 - Draw all constitutional isomers that have the...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 1.2 - APPLY the skill Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 3PTS Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 4PTS Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 5PTS Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 6PTS Ch. 1.3 - Lithium salts have been used for decades to treat...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 3LTS

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