Chapter 16, Problem 16.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The product for the exothermic reaction of nitrobenzene with chlorine gas and ${\text{FeCl}}_{\text{3}}$ is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction is a type of reaction in which an electrophile substitutes a hydrogen atom of the aromatic ring. Aromatic ring does not easily undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction; however, it undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction easily.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product for the reaction of nitrobenzene with fuming ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction is a type of reaction in which an electrophile substitutes a hydrogen atom of the aromatic ring. Aromatic ring does not easily undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction; however, it undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction easily.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product for the reaction of nitobenzene with acetyl chloride and ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}\left(1.1\text{ equiv}\text{.}\right)$, then with water is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel Craft acylation is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this reaction, the synthesis of the monoacylated product takes place from the reaction between aromatic rings and acyl chlorides.