Chapter 15.5, Problem 44PP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sign of $\Delta S_{system}$ for the given change is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

$\Delta S_{system}$ denotes the entropy change occurring in the reaction.

Entropy of the system is the degree of randomness in the system.

More the disorder, more is the value of entropy.

Answer to Problem 44PP

$\Delta S_{system}=negative$

Explanation of Solution

In the reaction,

$ClF(g)+F_2(g)\to Cl{F}_3(g)$

The gaseous moles in the reaction are decreasing. So entropy change will be negative.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sign of $\Delta S_{system}$ for the given change is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

$\Delta S_{system}$ denotes the entropy change occurring in the reaction.

Entropy of the system is the degree of randomness in the system.

More the disorder more is the value of entropy.

Answer to Problem 44PP

$\Delta S_{system}=negative$

Explanation of Solution

In the reaction,

$N{H}_3(g)\to N{H}_3(aq)$

The gaseous moles in the reaction are converting to aqueous form. So entropy change will be negative.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sign of $\Delta S_{system}$ for the given change is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

$\Delta S_{system}$ denotes the entropy change occurring in the reaction.

Entropy of the system is the degree of randomness in the system.

More the disorder more is the value of entropy.

Answer to Problem 44PP

$\Delta S_{system}=positive$

Explanation of Solution

In the reaction,

$C{H}_{3}OH(l)\to C{H}_{3}OH(aq)$

The liquid form is less random than aqueous solution. So entropy change will be positive.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sign of $\Delta S_{system}$ for the given change is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

$\Delta S_{system}$ denotes the entropy change occurring in the reaction.

Entropy of the system is the degree of randomness in the system.

More the disorder more is the value of entropy.

Answer to Problem 44PP

$\Delta S_{system}=negative$

Explanation of Solution

In the reaction,

$C_{10}{H}_8(l)\to C_{10}{H}_8(s)$

Liquid form is more random than solid form. So entropy change will be negative.