Chapter 15.4, Problem 15.5AFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The organic product of 2-pentanone when reacted with lithium aluminium hydride followed by ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Lithium aluminium hydride (${\text{LiAlH}}_{\text{4}}$) is a reducing agent used in organic reactions.  It reduces carbonyl compounds to alcohols.  Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced to secondary alcohols.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The organic product of cyclopentanone when reacted with ethyl lithium followed by ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Organometallic reagents are used for the transfer of organic group or lithium group to the substrates.  The organic group reach the substrate through nucleophilic substitution or deprotonation.

In the above compound, $\text{R}$ refers to organic group and $\text{Li}$ is a metal.