ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
20th Edition
ISBN: 9781264303090
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 15.3, Problem 24AYP
Describe the changes that occur in a rod cell after light strikes rhodopsin. How does rhodopsin re-form? Whyisthe response of a rod cell to a stimulus unusual?
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which of the following is NOT a step in rod phototransduction by rhodopsin?
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Chapter 15 Solutions
ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
Ch. 15.1 - Where are olfactory neurons located? Explain their...Ch. 15.1 - Describe the initiation of an action potential in...Ch. 15.1 - What is unique about olfactory neurons with...Ch. 15.1 - Where are the central olfactory cortex areas...Ch. 15.2 - Name and describe the four kinds of papillae on...Ch. 15.2 - Describe the structure of a taste bud.Ch. 15.2 - What are the five primary tastes? Describe how...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 15.2 - How is the sense of taste related to the sense of...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 15.3 - How do the conjunctiva,lacrimal apparatus, and...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 15.3 - How does the pupil constrict? How does it dilate?Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 15.3 - Name the three chambers of the eye and the...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 15.3 - Distinguish among myopia, hyperopia. and...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 15.3 - Describe the changes that occur in a rod cell...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 26AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 27AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 28AYPCh. 15.3 - Prob. 29AYPCh. 15.3 - Starting with the optic nerve, trace the action...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 31AYPCh. 15.4 - Name the three regions of the ear, and list each...Ch. 15.4 - Describe the relationship among the tympanic...Ch. 15.4 - What are the functions of the external auditory...Ch. 15.4 - Explain how the membranous labyrinth of the...Ch. 15.4 - Describe the structure of the spiral organ.Ch. 15.4 - Explain the differences between inner and outer...Ch. 15.4 - Relate how tip links function.Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 39AYPCh. 15.4 - Contrast volume, pitch, and timbre.Ch. 15.4 - Starting with the auricle, trace a sound wave into...Ch. 15.4 - What is the importance of the sound attenuation...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 43AYPCh. 15.4 - Describe the neuronal pathways for hearing, from...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 45AYPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 46AYPCh. 15.4 - What is dynamic equilibrium? Whatstructures are...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 48AYPCh. 15.4 - Prob. 49AYPCh. 15.5 - Prob. 50AYPCh. 15 - Which of these statements is not true with respect...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2RACCh. 15 - Which of these is not one of the basic tastes? a....Ch. 15 - Which of these types of papillae have no taste...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5RACCh. 15 - The ciliary body a. contains smooth muscles that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7RACCh. 15 - Prob. 8RACCh. 15 - Prob. 9RACCh. 15 - Prob. 10RACCh. 15 - Prob. 11RACCh. 15 - Prob. 12RACCh. 15 - Prob. 13RACCh. 15 - In the retina cones that are most sensitive to a...Ch. 15 - Given these areas of the retina: (1) macula (2)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 16RACCh. 15 - Prob. 17RACCh. 15 - Which of these structures is found within or is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 19RACCh. 15 - Prob. 20RACCh. 15 - Prob. 21RACCh. 15 - Prob. 22RACCh. 15 - Prob. 23RACCh. 15 - Prob. 24RACCh. 15 - Damage to the semicircular canals affects the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1CTCh. 15 - Perhaps you have heard that eating carrots is good...Ch. 15 - A man stares at a black clock on a white wall for...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4CTCh. 15 - Prob. 5CTCh. 15 - Prob. 6CTCh. 15 - Professional divers are subject to increased...Ch. 15 - If a vibrating tuning fork is placed against the...
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- Discuss the distinct roles of rod cells, cone cells, andrhodopsin in converting a light stimulus into a nerveimpulse.arrow_forwardWhat specific information do hair cells convey? How would your brain interpret a low frequency of action potentials vs a high frequency of action potentials generated by a specific hair cell?arrow_forwardWhat happens to rods if they are constantly exposed to light?arrow_forward
- Select the options that properly describe the function and features of rods. A bright blue light would stimulate rods more than cones. In low light conditions rods perceive color as gray cale. sensitive to bright light conditions. Rods are sensitive to vision in low light conditions. In low light conditions rods perceive color as blue scale. Low light conditions are viewed in blue scale. O The absorbance of rhodopsin in the rods is much more sensitive than in the cone opsins. Rods are sensitive to vision in bright light conditions. sensitive to low light conditions. Rods are sensitive to low light conditions. V The absorbance of rhodopsin in the cones is much more sensitive than in the rods opsins. Rods are sensitive to bright light conditions.arrow_forwardThe auditory canal is part of the inner ear middle ear outer ear pinna Under resting conditions the cilia of the inner ear are connected by what structures? Bipolar cells Tip links Ossicles Stapesarrow_forwardRetinal is therefore a key player that triggers a series of activation in phototransduction (see figure below). Phototransduction in photoreceptor cells Disc membrane 1000000000…………………………. Disc lumen Light Rhodopsin GDP Transducin Photoreceptor cytosol GTP GTP GTP PDE CGMP CGMP inhibition CGMP GMP PDE6i GMP GMP Extracellular environment Plasma membrane 1. Light hits the retinal molecule and changes into an all-trans configuration 2. This change in the retinal conformation activates the rhodopsin photoreceptor 3. The rhodopsin photoreceptor then activates a specific heterotrimeric G protein called transducin. 4. The transducin then activates a downstream protein called PDE. Both PDE and the transducin G protein are attached to the plasma membrane by a lipid anchor. This makes them close to each other and facilitates the activation of PDE by the transducin G protein. The activity of the protein PDE can itself be regulated. It can for example be inhibited by a drug called PDE6i. 7. What…arrow_forward
- Which statement about the events of photoreception is false? a) as a rod cell hyperpolarizes, its release of neurotransmitter increases b) there is more Na+ entry into a rod cell in the dark than in the light c) bipolar cells release more neurotransmitter in the light than in the dark d) as a bipolar cell depolarizes, its release of neurotransmitter increases e) when a rod cell releases neurotransmitter the bipolar cell it synapses with hyperpolarizesarrow_forwardBased on the same attached figure as above (Figure 10.9 in your textbook), what kind of channel permits K+ to pass through the apical-end membrane in hair cells of the ear? (A) Spiral ganglion Tectorial membrane Scala vestibuli Inner hair cells -45 mV Scala tympani Outer hair cells Scala media Organ of Corti Perilymph Low K+ 0mV Endolymph High K+ +80 mV (B) Stria vascularis Basilar membrane Ca²+ Afferent. nerve Depolarization O Nucleus wwww. 00 -Depolarization. Vesicles -Transmitter To brain C₂24arrow_forward17. Phototransduction in retinal rod cells in response to light is triggered by which of the following events? A) Activation of CAMP B) Capture of photons by opsin C) Depolarization of photoreceptors D) Increase in concentration of cGMP E) Influx of Ca²+ into rods 0.0arrow_forward
- Contraction of a muscle usually puts more tension on a structure, but contraction of the ciliary muscle puts less tension on the lens. Explain how.arrow_forwardSensory receptor cells transduce physical or chemical stimuli: a) by limiting action potentials b) from chemical to electrical energy c) from an action potential into a synaptic potential d) by summing incoming action potentials e) into a change in the membrane potential of the sensory receptor cellsarrow_forwardkey function of rod photoreceptors is to: detect colors detect fine details in the visual field. detect light under low levels of illumination. detect light under high levels of illumination. During phototransduction, transducin activates phosphodiesterase (PDE) that converts: GTP to GDP CGMP to GMP retinal cis to retinal trans retinal trans to retinal cisarrow_forward
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