Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 15, Problem 7RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The various kinds of regulations of fatty acid biosynthesis.
Introduction:
A fatty acid is a major constituent of lipids in all living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. A fatty acid has a linear chain of even-numbered carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and a carboxyl group. They are divided into saturated, poly-unsaturated, and mono-unsaturated fatty acids.
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foraging/diet type
teeth
tongue
stomach
intestines
cecum
Insectivory
numerous, spiky, incisors procumbentExample: moleExample: shrew
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short
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Myrmecophagy
absent or reduced in numbers, peg-likeExample: tamandua anteater
extremely long
simple, often roughened
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sharp incisors; long, conical canines; often carnassial cheek teeth; may have crushing molarsExample: dog
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simple
short
small
Aquatic carnivory
homodont, spiky, numerousExample: common dolphin
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simple or multichambered (cetaceans only)
variable
small or absent
Sanguinivory
very sharp upper incisors; reduced cheek teethExample: vampire bat
grooved
tubular, highly extensible
long
small or lacking
Herbivory (except nectivores)
incisors robust or absent; canines reduced or absent; diastema; cheek teeth enlarged with complex occlusal surfacesExample: beaver
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simple (hindgut fermenters) or multichambered (ruminants)
long
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Filter feeding
none…
3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species
(A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your
answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the
diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences?
Species A
3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3
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cm 30
Species B
4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4
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Species C
0/4, 0/0,3/3, 3/3
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3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species
(A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your
answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the
diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences?
Species A
3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3
cm 30
Species B
0/4, 0/0, 3/3, 3/3
cm 10
Species C
4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4
E
0 cm 20
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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