Chapter 15, Problem 7CTQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To summarize:

The process by which T cells are stimulated by antigen, and compare this process with the activation of B cells.

Concept introduction:

The immune system contains different types of cells, each cell have different specific functions. Lymphocytes are the important immune cells that take part in an active defense mechanism. Lymphocytes include the B-cells and T-cells. B-cells acts on antigen independently. T-cells act on the processed antigen that is presented by antigen presenting cells.

b.

Summary Introduction

To define:

The term “tolerance”, and explain whether it is essential for effective humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Concept introduction:

The two types of the immune response include the humoral immunity and the cell-mediated immunity. The humoral immunity involves the activity of B cells that are activated in the presence of an antigen and differentiate to form plasma cells. The plasma cells secret antibodies for a specific antigen. The cell-mediated immunity involves the activation of phagocytes and cytotoxic T cells.