Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Procaine was one of the first local anesthetics. Its hydrochloride salt is marketed as Novocain.
If procaine is chiral or not and if it contains any stereocenter should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Procaine contains amino ester group, it is a local anesthetic drug. It is required to relief the pain caused by injection of penicillin. It is also required in dentistry. In some regions, procaine is popular as Novocain.
(b)
Interpretation:
The nitrogen atom of procaine which is a stronger base should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Procaine contains amino ester group, it is a local anesthetic drug. It is required to relief the pain caused by injection of penicillin. It is also required in dentistry. In some regions, procaine is popular as Novocain.
(c)
Interpretation:
A structural formula for the salt formed by treating procaine with one mole of HCl, showing which nitrogen is protonated and bears the positive charge should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Procaine contains amino ester group, it is a local anesthetic drug. It is required to relief the pain caused by injection of penicillin. It is also required in dentistry. In some regions, procaine is popular as Novocain.

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Chapter 15 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- I need help with the followingarrow_forwardFor Raman spectroscopy/imaging, which statement is not true regarding its disadvantages? a) Limited spatial resolution. b) Short integration time. c) A one-dimensional technique. d) Weak signal, only 1 in 108 incident photons is Raman scattered. e) Fluorescence interference.arrow_forwardUsing a cell of known pathlength b = 1.25115 x 10-3 cm, a water absorption spectrum was measured. The band at 1645 cm-1, assigned to the O-H bending, showed an absorbance, A, of 1.40. a) Assuming that water density is 1.00 g/mL, calculate the water molar concentration c (hint: M= mole/L) b) Calculate the molar absorptivity, a, of the 1645 cm-1 band c) The transmitted light, I, can be written as I= Ioexp(-xb), where x is the absorption coefficient (sometimes designated as alpha), Io is the input light, and b is the cell pathlength. Prove that x= (ln10)*x*c. (Please provide a full derivation of the equation for x from the equation for I). d) Calculate x for the 1645 cm-1 bandarrow_forward
- For CARS, which statement is not true regarding its advantages? a) Contrast signal based on vibrational characteristics, no need for fluorescent tagging. b) Stronger signals than spontaneous Raman. c) Suffers from fluorescence interference, because CARS signal is at high frequency. d) Faster, more efficient imaging for real-time analysis. e) Higher resolution than spontaneous Raman microscopy.arrow_forwardDraw the major product of the Claisen condensation reaction between two molecules of this ester. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Incorrect, 5 attempts remaining 1. NaOCH3/CH3OH 2. Acidic workup Select to Draw O Incorrect, 5 attempts remaining The total number of carbons in the parent chain is incorrect. Review the reaction conditions including starting materials and/or intermediate structures and recount the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain of your structure. OKarrow_forwardUsing a cell of known pathlength b = 1.25115 x 10-3 cm, a water absorption spectrum was measured. The band at 1645 cm-1, assigned to the O-H bending, showed an absorbance, A, of 1.40. a) Assuming that water density is 1.00 g/mL, calculate the water molar concentration c (hint: M= mole/L) b) Calculate the molar absorptivity, a, of the 1645 cm-1 band c) The transmitted light, I, can be written as I= Ioexp(-xb), where x is the absorption coefficient (sometimes designated as alpha), Io is the input light, and b is the cell pathlength. Prove that x= (ln10)*x*c d) Calculate x for the 1645 cm-1 bandarrow_forward
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