Concept explainers
To tell:
Why the mucous membrane barriers and skin of the body are not the significant factors in your resistance to infection by hyper thermophiles?
Introduction:
The skin and mucous membrane are the most effective barriers to the infection. The surface of the skin inhibits the growth of the microorganism because of low pH and moisture. The innate immune response against the pathogen includes the skin and mucus and the skin is composed of epidermis and dermis. There are several layers which are tightly packed in cells. Epidermal dendritic cells have phagocytized the pathogens. However, the mucous membrane has two layers of epithelial cells and dendritic cells. Epithelial cells are tightly packed which prevents the entry of pathogens. The first line of defense in the body acts against the pathogens by antimicrobial peptides which are produced by the skin and mucous membrane eliminates the microbes.
Explanation of Solution
Hyper thermophile is the organism which lives in an extremely hot environmentof 60°C to 80°C. The human body is naturally resistant to the hyper thermophiles infection because the body temperature of humans is low. It is very difficult for the growth of hyper thermophiles.
Hence, the skin and mucous barrier are not a significant factor for protecting the body from the infection by hyper thermophiles.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
- Species Interactions Explain how predators, prey and scavengers interact. Explain whether predators and scavengers are necessary or beneficial for an ecosystem.arrow_forwardmagine that you are conducting research on fruit type and seed dispersal. You submitted a paper to a peer-reviewed journal that addresses the factors that impact fruit type and seed dispersal mechanisms in plants of Central America. The editor of the journal communicates that your paper may be published if you make ‘minor revisions’ to the document. Describe two characteristics that you would expect in seeds that are dispersed by the wind. Contrast this with what you would expect for seeds that are gathered, buried or eaten by animals, and explain why they are different. (Editor’s note: Providing this information in your discussion will help readers to consider the significance of the research).arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between Uniporters, Symporters and Antiporters? Which of these are examples of active transport?arrow_forward
- What are Amyloid Fibrils? What biological functions are these known to perform?arrow_forwardHow do histamine and prostaglandins help in the mobilization of leukocytes to an injury site? What are chemotactic factors? How do they affect inflammation process?arrow_forwardCompare and contrast neutrophils and macrophages. Describe two ways they are different and two ways they are similar.arrow_forward
- Describe the effects of three cytokines (not involved in the initial inflammation response). What cells release them?arrow_forwardDescribe activation of helper T cells or cytotoxic T cellsarrow_forwardCompare and contrast MHC 1 and MHC 2. Describe two way they are different and two ways they similar including how they are used in antigen presentation.arrow_forward
- Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...Health & NutritionISBN:9781337711067Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna BalacPublisher:Cengage LearningConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax CollegeHuman Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning