Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The relation between the following Fischer Projection formulas should be determined and also whether they are identical molecules or enantiomers should be identified:
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are the compounds which are mainly composed C and H atoms. The branch of chemistry that deals with preparation, reactions, and properties of organic compounds is said to be
Constitutional isomers can be defined as the pair of molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula. Stereoisomers have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space.
Answer to Problem 15.56P
The given pair of Fischer projection formula does not have any chiral C atom as the center C atom is bonded with same groups and the structural formula is also same therefore they are identical molecules.
Explanation of Solution
Optical isomers are type of stereoisomers which have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space. The essential condition for a molecule to be optical isomer is the presence of chiral carbon atom. A chirality center is a carbon with four different groups bonded to it.
The given pair of Fischer projection formula does not have any chiral C atomas the center C atom is bonded with same H atoms and the structural formula is also same therefore they are identical molecules.
(b)
Interpretation:
The relation between the following Fischer Projection formulas should be determined and also whether they are identical molecules or enantiomers should be identified:
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are the compounds which are mainly composed C and H atoms. The branch of chemistry that deals with preparation, reactions, and properties of organic compounds is said to be organic chemistry. The molecular formula of organic compound represents the number of bonded atoms with their atomic symbols. The structural formula represents all the bonded atoms with chemical bonds and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds with same molecular formula and different structural formula are called as isomers. Isomers can be classified as constitutional isomers and stereoisomers.
Constitutional isomers can be defined as the pair of molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula. Stereoisomers have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space.
Answer to Problem 15.56P
The given pair of Fischer projection formula does not have any chiral C atomas the center C atom is bonded with same Cl atoms and the structural formula is also same therefore they are identical molecules.
Explanation of Solution
Optical isomers are type of stereoisomers which have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space. The essential condition for a molecule to be optical isomer is the presence of chiral carbon atom. A chirality center is a carbon with four different groups bonded to it.
The given pair of Fischer projection formula does not have any chiral C atomas the center C atom is bonded with same Cl atoms and the structural formula is also same therefore they are identical molecules.
(c)
Interpretation:
The relation between the following Fischer Projection formulas should be determined and also whether they are identical molecules or enantiomers should be identified:
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are the compounds which are mainly composed C and H atoms. The branch of chemistry that deals with preparation, reactions, and properties of organic compounds is said to be organic chemistry. The molecular formula of organic compound represents the number of bonded atoms with their atomic symbols. The structural formula represents all the bonded atoms with chemical bonds and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds with same molecular formula and different structural formula are called as isomers. Isomers can be classified as constitutional isomers and stereoisomers.
Constitutional isomers can be defined as the pair of molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula. Stereoisomers have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space.
Answer to Problem 15.56P
The given pair of Fischer projection formula have one chiral C atom and they are mirror images of each other therefore they must be enantiomers of each other.
Explanation of Solution
Optical isomers are type of stereoisomers which have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space. The essential condition for a molecule to be optical isomer is the presence of chiral carbon atom. A chirality center is a carbon with four different groups bonded to it.
The given pair of Fischer projection formula have one chiral C atom and they are mirror images of each other therefore they must be enantiomers of each other.
(d)
Interpretation:
The relation between the following Fischer Projection formulas should be determined and also whether they are identical molecules or enantiomers should be identified:
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are the compounds which are mainly composed C and H atoms. The branch of chemistry that deals with preparation, reactions, and properties of organic compounds is said to be organic chemistry. The molecular formula of organic compound represents the number of bonded atoms with their atomic symbols. The structural formula represents all the bonded atoms with chemical bonds and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds with same molecular formula and different structural formula are called as isomers. Isomers can be classified as constitutional isomers and stereoisomers.
Constitutional isomers can be defined as the pair of molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula. Stereoisomers have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space.
Answer to Problem 15.56P
The given pair of Fischer projection formula have one chiral C atom and they are mirror images of each other therefore they must be enantiomers of each other.
Explanation of Solution
Optical isomers are type of stereoisomers which have same molecular and structural formula but they have different arrangement of atoms in the three-dimensional space. The essential condition for a molecule to be optical isomer is the presence of chiral carbon atom. A chirality center is a carbon with four different groups bonded to it.
The given pair of Fischer projection formula have one chiral C atom and they are mirror images of each other therefore they must be enantiomers of each other.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, & BIOLOGICAL CHEM
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