1 SEM CARDLESS ACC W/RAVEN TEXT
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781265321062
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 8A
When mutations that affected
a. elongation on the lagging but not the leading strand.
b. elongation on the leading but not the lagging strand.
c. initiation: cells complete replication but cannot start a new round.
d. the sliding clamp: loss makes the polymerase slower.
Expert Solution & Answer
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Which of the following statements is TRUE
concerning the synthesis of the leading and
lagging strands of DNA in prokaryotic cells?
a.
O b.
The leading strand is synthesized by one
polymerase III continuously, and the lagging
strand is synthesized by several molecules of DNA
polymerase III.
d.
The leading and lagging strands are synthesized
at the same time by the one DNA polymerase I.
O c. The leading and lagging strands are synthesized
at the same time by the one DNA polymerase III.
The leading strand is synthesized by one
polymerase III, and the lagging strand is
synthesized by DNA polymerase I.
Match the enzymes provided from (1-4) in the list of choices with their matching function (A-D) during DNA replication.
A. Disrupts hydrogen bonds between DNA bases
B. Can only add nucleotides to an existing 3 OH end
C. Can't add nucleotides to a chain, but can make covalent bonds
D. Actually a specialized form of RNA polymerase
select
1. DNA polymerase
select
2. Primase
select
3. Ligase
select v 4. Helicase
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about replication?
A. Polynucleotides are made up of deoxynucleotide monophosphates but the substrates are
deoxynucleotide triphosphates
B. The mechanism of the reaction is nucleophilic addition
C. In the formation of primers, nucleotides are added in any direction
D. Both nucleotide triphosphates and deoxynucleotide triphosphates are substrates in
replication
E. Direction of synthesis is 5'23' and lengthens unidirectionally relative to the double strand.
Chapter 14 Solutions
1 SEM CARDLESS ACC W/RAVEN TEXT
Ch. 14.1 - Describe the experiments of Griffith and Avery.Ch. 14.1 - Evaluate the evidence for DNA as genetic material.Ch. 14.2 - Explain how the WatsonCrick structure rationalized...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.4 - Diagram the functions found at the replication...Ch. 14.5 - Compare eukaryotic replication with prokaryotic.
Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14 - Prob. 1DACh. 14 - Prob. 2DACh. 14 - Prob. 1IQCh. 14 - Prob. 2IQCh. 14 - How does the structure of eukaryotic genomes...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4IQCh. 14 - Prob. 1UCh. 14 - Which of the following is NOT a component of DNA?...Ch. 14 - Chargaff studied the composition of DNA from...Ch. 14 - The bonds that hold two complementary strands of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5UCh. 14 - Prob. 6UCh. 14 - Which of the following is NOT pan of the...Ch. 14 - If one strand of a DNA is 5 ATCGTTAAGCGAGTCA 3,...Ch. 14 - Hershey and Chase used radioactive phosphorus and...Ch. 14 - The Meselson and Stahl experiment used a density...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4ACh. 14 - If the activity of DNA ligase was removed from...Ch. 14 - Successful DNA synthesis requires all of the...Ch. 14 - The synthesis of telomeres a. uses DNA polymerase,...Ch. 14 - When mutations that affected DNA replication were...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1SCh. 14 - In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, a control...Ch. 14 - Enzyme function is critically important for the...
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- How would nucleotide excision repair be affected if one of the followingproteins was missing? Describe the condition of the DNAif the repair was attempted in the absence of the protein.A. UvrAB. UvrCC. UvrDD. DNA polymerasearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the most accurate description of the E.coli replisome? a. Clamp loader positions two Pol III core polymerases on the leading strand and one Pol III core polymerase on the lagging strand b. Single strand template DNA forms two loops on the lagging strand while two Pol III core polymerases synthesize Okazaki fragments c. Okazaki fragments are synthesized in the opposite direction to movement of the replication fork d. Clamp loader only connects with Pol III core polymerases associated with the lagging strand e. Both b. and c. are accuratearrow_forwardDuring DNA replication, short RNA primers are made by the Primase. Why? a. To provide a 3'-OH so DNA polymerase can begin DNA synthesis. b. To recruit single stranded binding proteins to the correct location. c. To identify the termination sequence for DNA polymerase during DNA synthesis. d. To provide a 3'-OH so RNA polymerase can begin DNA synthesis. e. To identify the origin of replication to recruit the origin replication complex to the correct genomic location.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the molecular mechanism for DNA polymerases? A. The active site contains 2 divalent metal ions B. A single stranded DNA template is required C. The enzyme can only attach a new deoxynucleotide to the 5’ end of a growing chain D. The 3’OH on the deoyxyribose ring attacks a phosphate of a dNTP to produce a new phosophodiester bond E. None of the above (all are true statements)arrow_forwardA diagram of a prokaryotic replication fork is shown. As in class, RNA primers are represented by a wavy line and DNA represented by a straight line. From the list below pick all the statements that are TRUE of this replication fork. (Multiple answers possible) A.Primer sequences are not correct. B. DNA being synthesized is not complementary and antiparallel to the template. C. Direction of DNA synthesis is not correct (not 5' to 3'). D. At least one protein in the diagram is mislabeled.arrow_forwardWhich of the following types of DNA damage would be hardest to repair using the DNA repair pathways?A. Complete removal of three nucleotides in the middle of one strand.B. A covalent bond between a base on one strand and a base on the complementary strand.C. Incorporation of a sugar other than deoxyribose into one strand.D. Covalent attachment of a short polypeptide to a single base.E. A covalent bond between a base and a deoxyribose on the same strand. Please explain why it's Barrow_forward
- Which statement below is true? Select one: a. Okazaki fragments are produced in eukaryotic DNA replication but not in prokaryotic DNA replication. b. In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, the template strand of DNA is read in the template’s 3’ to 5’ direction, while the new strand DNA is synthesized in new strand’s 5’ to 3’ direction. c. In eukaryotes, synthesis of the new DNA strand is from 5’ to 3’, whereas in prokaryotes it is random. d. In eukaryotes, synthesis of the new DNA strand is from 5’ to 3’, whereas in prokaryotes it is from 3’ to 5’. e. In eukaryotes, synthesis of the new DNA strand is from 3’ to 5’, whereas in prokaryotes it is from 5’ to 3’.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements describe reversal of DNA repair mechanism. A. UV light blocks the translation of mRNA beyond the damaged area B. Reversal of DNA repair mechanism requires a DNA template C. UV light is needed to initiate the formation of pyrimidine dimers D. None of the statement is correctarrow_forwardAt each origin of replication, DNA synthesis proceeds bidirectionally from two replication forks. Which of the following would happen if a eukaryotic mutant arose having only one functional fork per replication bubble? (See diagram.)a. No change at all in replication. b. Replication would take place only on one half of the chromosome. c. Replication would be complete only on the leading strand. d. Replication would take twice as long.arrow_forward
- The function of DNA ligase is to: a. Catalyze formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides b. Catalyze formation of hydrogen bonds between adjacent nucleotides c. Keep single strands of DNA apart during replication d. Facilitate base pairing between single stranded molecules in DNA e. Both a. and d. are correctarrow_forwardYou examine DNA replication in an E. coli mutant, which has a partially defective DNA polymerase. In vitro experiments using the mutant DNA polymerase gives an error rate of 10-3, as compared to the expected error rate of 10-6. Which of the following activities is the mutant polymerase likely to be missing, as compared to the normal polymerase? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIn the following drawing, the top strand is the template DNA, and the bottom strand shows the lagging strand prior to the action of DNA polymerase I. The lagging strand contains three Okazaki fragments. The RNA primers have not yet been removed. A. Which Okazaki fragment was made first, the one on the left or the one on the right? B. Which RNA primer will be the first one to be removed by DNA polymerase I, the primer on the left or the primer on the right? For this primer to be removed by DNA polymerase I and for the gap to be filled in, is it necessary for the Okazaki fragment in the middle to have already been synthesized? Explain. C. Let’s consider how DNA ligase connects the left Okazaki fragment with the middle Okazaki fragment. After DNA polymerase I removes the middle RNA primer and fills in the gap with DNA, where does DNA ligase function? See the arrows on either side of the middle RNA primer. Is ligase needed at the left arrow, at the right arrow, or both?arrow_forward
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