Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168390
Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 49E
What two common assumptions can simplify calculation of equilibrium concentrations in a solution of a weak acid?
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When two solutions, one of 0.1 M KCl (I) and the other of 0.1 M MCl (II), are brought into contact by a membrane. The cation M cannot cross the membrane. At equilibrium, x moles of K+ will have passed from solution (I) to (II). To maintain the neutrality of the two solutions, x moles of Cl- will also have to pass from I to II. Explain this equality: (0.1 - x)/x = (0.1 + x)/(0.1 - x)
Calculate the variation in the potential of the Pt/MnO4-, Mn2+ pair with pH, indicating the value of the standard potential. Data: E0 = 1.12.
Given the cell: Pt l H2(g) l dis X:KCl (sat) l Hg2Cl2(s) l Hg l Pt. Calculate the emf of the cell as a function of pH.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Ch. 14 - Write equations that show NH3 as both a conjugate...Ch. 14 - Write equations that show H2PO4- acting both as an...Ch. 14 - Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of...Ch. 14 - Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of...Ch. 14 - Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of...Ch. 14 - Show by suitable net ionic equations that each of...Ch. 14 - What is the conjugate acid of each of the...Ch. 14 - What is the conjugate acid of each of the...Ch. 14 - Identify and label the Bronsted-Lowry acid, its...Ch. 14 - Identify and label the Bronsted-Lowry acid, its...
Ch. 14 - What are amphiprotic species? Illustrate with...Ch. 14 - State which of the following species are...Ch. 14 - State which of the following species are...Ch. 14 - Is the self-ionization of water endothermic or...Ch. 14 - Explain why a sample of pure water at 40 C is...Ch. 14 - The ionization constant for water (Kw) is 2.91014...Ch. 14 - The ionization constant for water (Kw) is...Ch. 14 - Calculate the pH and the pOH of each of the...Ch. 14 - Calculate the pH and the pOH of each of the...Ch. 14 - What are the pH and pOH of a solution of 2.0 M...Ch. 14 - What are the hydronium and hydroxide ion...Ch. 14 - Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration and the...Ch. 14 - Calculate the hydronium ion concentration and the...Ch. 14 - The hydronium ion concentration in a sample of...Ch. 14 - The hydroxide ion concentration in household...Ch. 14 - Explain why the neutralization reaction of a...Ch. 14 - Explain why the neutralization reaction of a weak...Ch. 14 - Use this list of important industrial compounds...Ch. 14 - The odor of vinegar is due to the presence of...Ch. 14 - Household ammonia is a solution of the weak base...Ch. 14 - Explain why the ionization constant, Ka, for H2SO4...Ch. 14 - Explain why the ionization constant, Ka, for HI is...Ch. 14 - Gastric juice, the digestive ?uid produced in the...Ch. 14 - Nitric acid reacts with insoluble copper (II)...Ch. 14 - What is the ionization constant at 25 C for the...Ch. 14 - What is the ionization constant at 25 C for the...Ch. 14 - Which base, CH3NH2 or (CH3)2NH, is the stronger...Ch. 14 - Which is the stronger acid, NH4+ or HBrO?Ch. 14 - Which is the stronger base, (CH3)3N or H2BO3-?Ch. 14 - Predict which acid in each of the following pairs...Ch. 14 - Predict which compound in each of the following...Ch. 14 - Rank the compounds in each of the following groups...Ch. 14 - Rank the compounds in each of the following groups...Ch. 14 - Both HF and HCN ionize in water to a limited...Ch. 14 - The active ingredient formed by aspirin in the...Ch. 14 - What do we represent when we write:...Ch. 14 - Explain why equilibrium calculations are not...Ch. 14 - Are the concentrations of hydronium ion and...Ch. 14 - What two common assumptions can simplify...Ch. 14 - What two common assumptions can simplify...Ch. 14 - Which of the following will increase the percent...Ch. 14 - Which of the following will increase the percent...Ch. 14 - What is the effect on the concentrations of NO2-,...Ch. 14 - What is the effect on the concentration of...Ch. 14 - Why is the hydronium ion concentration in a...Ch. 14 - From the equilibrium concentrations given,...Ch. 14 - From the equilibrium concentrations given,...Ch. 14 - Determine Kb for the nitrite ion, NO2-. In a...Ch. 14 - Determine Ka for hydrogen sulfate ion, HSO4-. In a...Ch. 14 - Calculate the ionization constant for each of the...Ch. 14 - Calculate the ionization constant for each of the...Ch. 14 - For which of the following solutions must we...Ch. 14 - Even though both NH3 and C6H5NH2 are weak bases,...Ch. 14 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of the...Ch. 14 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of the...Ch. 14 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of the...Ch. 14 - Calculate the equilibrium concentration of the...Ch. 14 - Using the Ka value of , place Al(H2O)63+ in the...Ch. 14 - Calculate the concentration of all solute species...Ch. 14 - Propionic acid, C2H5CO2H (Ka=1.34105), is used in...Ch. 14 - White vinegar is a 5.0% by mass solution of acetic...Ch. 14 - The ionization constant of lactic acid,...Ch. 14 - Nicotine, C10H14N2, is a base that will accept two...Ch. 14 - The pH of a 0.20-M solution of HP is 1.92....Ch. 14 - The pH of a 0.15-M solution of HSO4- is 1.43....Ch. 14 - The pH of a 0.10-M solution of caffeine is 11.16....Ch. 14 - Tile pH of a solution of household ammonia, a...Ch. 14 - Determine whether aqueous solutions of the...Ch. 14 - Determine whether aqueous solutions of the...Ch. 14 - Novocaine, C13H21O2N2Cl, is the salt of the base...Ch. 14 - Which of the following concentrations would be...Ch. 14 - Calculate the concentration of each species...Ch. 14 - Calculate the concentration of each species...Ch. 14 - Salicylic acid, HOC6H4CO2H, and its derivatives...Ch. 14 - The ion HTe- is an amphiprotic species; it can act...Ch. 14 - Explain why a buffer can be prepared from a...Ch. 14 - Explain why the pH does not change significantly...Ch. 14 - Explain why the pH does not change significantly...Ch. 14 - What is [H3O+] in a solution of 0.25 M CH3CO2H and...Ch. 14 - What is [H3O+] in a solution of 0.075 M HNO2 and...Ch. 14 - What is [OH-] in a solution of 0.125 M CH3NH2 and...Ch. 14 - What is [OH-] in a solution of 1.25 M NH3 and 0.78...Ch. 14 - What concentration of NH4NO3 is required to make...Ch. 14 - What concentration of NaF is required to make...Ch. 14 - What is the effect on the concentration of acetic...Ch. 14 - What is the effect on the concentration of...Ch. 14 - What will be the pH of a buffer solution prepared...Ch. 14 - Calculate the pH of a buffer solution prepared...Ch. 14 - How much solid NaCH3CO23H2O must be added to 0300...Ch. 14 - What mass of NH4Cl must be added to 0.750 L of a...Ch. 14 - A buffer solution is prepared from equal volumes...Ch. 14 - A 5.36-g sample of NH4Cl was added to 25.0 mL of...Ch. 14 - Which acid in Table 14.2 is most appropriate for...Ch. 14 - Which acid in Table 14.2 is most appropriate for...Ch. 14 - Which base in Table 14.3 is must appropriate for...Ch. 14 - Which base in Table 14.3 is most appropriate for...Ch. 14 - Saccharin, C7H4NSO3H, is a weak acid (Ka=2.1102)....Ch. 14 - What is the pH of 1.000 L of a solution of 100.0 g...Ch. 14 - Explain how to choose the appropriate acid-base...Ch. 14 - Explain why an acid-base indicator changes color...Ch. 14 - Why can we ignore the contribution of water to the...Ch. 14 - Why can we ignore the contribution of water to the...Ch. 14 - Draw a curve for a series of solutions of HF. Plot...Ch. 14 - Draw a curve similar to that shown in Figure 14.23...Ch. 14 - Calculate the pH at the following points in a...Ch. 14 - The indicator dinitrophenol is an acid with a Ka...
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