Essential University Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134988559
Author: Wolfson, Richard
Publisher: Pearson Education,
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Chapter 14, Problem 29E
The factor γ for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is 1.29. Find the sound speed in NO2 at 4.8 × 104-N/m2 pressure and 0.35-kg/m3 density.
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Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
■ Review | Constants
A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol
of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas).
Part A
The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in
temperature.
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Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while
remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Essential University Physics
Ch. 14.1 - A boat bobs up and down on a water wave, moving 2...Ch. 14.2 - The figure shows snapshots of two waves...Ch. 14.4 - Two identical stars are different distances from...Ch. 14.5 - Your band needs a new guitar amplifier, and the...Ch. 14.6 - Light shines through two small holes into a dark...Ch. 14.7 - Youre holding one end of a taut rope, and you cant...Ch. 14.8 - A string 1 m long is clamped tightly at one end...Ch. 14.9 - In Fig. 14.35, which is moving faster in relation...Ch. 14 - What distinguishes a wave from an oscillation?Ch. 14 - Red light has a longer wavelength than blue light....
Ch. 14 - Prob. 3FTDCh. 14 - If you doubled the tension in a string, what would...Ch. 14 - A heavy cable is hanging vertically, its bottom...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6FTDCh. 14 - Medical ultrasound uses frequencies around 107 Hz,...Ch. 14 - If you double the pressure of a gas while keeping...Ch. 14 - Prob. 9FTDCh. 14 - Why can a boat easily produce a shock wave on the...Ch. 14 - Ocean waves with 18-m wavelength travel at 5.3...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12ECh. 14 - Prob. 13ECh. 14 - A seismograph located 1250 km from an earthquake...Ch. 14 - Medical ultrasound waves travel at about 1500 m/s...Ch. 14 - An ocean wave has period 4.1 s and wavelength 10.8...Ch. 14 - Find the (a) amplitude, (b) wavelength, (c)...Ch. 14 - Ultrasound used in a medical imager has frequency...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19ECh. 14 - Prob. 20ECh. 14 - Prob. 21ECh. 14 - A transverse wave 1.2 cm in amplitude propagates...Ch. 14 - Transverve waves propagate at 18 m/s on a string...Ch. 14 - Prob. 24ECh. 14 - Prob. 25ECh. 14 - Prob. 26ECh. 14 - Find the sound speed in air under standard...Ch. 14 - Timers in sprint races start their watches when...Ch. 14 - The factor for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is 1.29....Ch. 14 - A gas with density 1.0 kg/m3 and pressure 81 kN/m2...Ch. 14 - Prob. 31ECh. 14 - Youre flying in a twin-engine turboprop aircraft,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 33ECh. 14 - A 2.0-m-long string is clamped at both ends. (a)...Ch. 14 - When a stretched string is clamped at both ends,...Ch. 14 - A string is clamped at both ends and tensioned...Ch. 14 - A crude model of the human vocal tract treats it...Ch. 14 - A car horn emits 380-Hz sound. If the car moves at...Ch. 14 - A fire stations siren is blaring at 85 Hz. Whats...Ch. 14 - A fire trucks siren at rest wails at 1400 Hz;...Ch. 14 - Red light emitted by hydrogen atoms at rest in the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 42ECh. 14 - Example 14.l: A surfer just misses caching a big...Ch. 14 - Example 14.1: A Mars rover includes an experiment...Ch. 14 - Example 14.1: The speed of sound n water is 1480...Ch. 14 - Prob. 46ECh. 14 - Example 14.7: The speed limit on a highway is 95.0...Ch. 14 - Prob. 49ECh. 14 - Prob. 50PCh. 14 - Prob. 51PCh. 14 - A loudspeaker emits energy at the rate of 50 W,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 53PCh. 14 - Prob. 54PCh. 14 - Prob. 55PCh. 14 - A wire is under 32.8-N tension, carrying a wave...Ch. 14 - A spring of mass m and spring constant k has an...Ch. 14 - Prob. 58PCh. 14 - Prob. 59PCh. 14 - Figure 14.38 shows two observers 20 m apart on a...Ch. 14 - An ideal spring is stretched to a total length L1....Ch. 14 - Prob. 62PCh. 14 - You see an airplane 5.2 km straight overhead....Ch. 14 - What are the intensities in W/m2 of sound with...Ch. 14 - Show that a doubling of sound intensity...Ch. 14 - Sound intensity from a localized source decreases...Ch. 14 - At 2.0 in from a localized sound source you...Ch. 14 - The A-string (440 Hz) on a piano is 38.9 cm long...Ch. 14 - Prob. 69PCh. 14 - Youre designing an organ for a new concert hall;...Ch. 14 - Show by differentiation and substitution that a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 72PCh. 14 - Youre a marine biologist concerned with the effect...Ch. 14 - A 2.25-m-long pipe has one end open. Among its...Ch. 14 - Obstetricians use ultrasound to monitor fetal...Ch. 14 - Prob. 77PCh. 14 - You move at speed u toward a wave source thats...Ch. 14 - Youre a meteorologist specifying a new Doppler...Ch. 14 - Use a computer to form the sum implied in the...Ch. 14 - Two loudspeakers are mounted 2.85 m apart,...Ch. 14 - An airport neighborhood is concerned about the...Ch. 14 - Tsunamis are ocean waves generally produced when...Ch. 14 - Tsunamis are ocean waves generally produced when...Ch. 14 - Tsunamis are ocean waves generally produced when...Ch. 14 - Tsunamis are ocean waves generally produced when...
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