Chapter 14, Problem 27P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of secondary alcohol having molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{14}}\text{O}$ should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

When the hydroxyl group (-OH) is present on the carbon atom and that carbon atom is bonded to one other carbon atom is known as primary ( $\text{1}°$ ) alcohol.

When the hydroxyl group (-OH) is present on the carbon atom and that carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms is known as secondary ( $2°$ ) alcohol.

When the hydroxyl group (-OH) is present on the carbon atom and that carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms is known as tertiary ( $3°$ ) alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of ether having molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{14}}\text{O}$ which has a methyl group bonded to oxygen should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Ether contains an oxygen atom which is linked with two alkyl groups or two aryl groups or one oxygen atom is linked with two carbon atoms by single bond.

The general structure of ether is:

  

Where R and R^' is alkyl or aryl groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of tertiary alkyl halide having molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{11}}\text{Br}$ should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

The compounds in which hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by halogen is known as alkyl halide.

When the halogen is present on the carbon atom and that carbon atom is bonded to one other carbon atom is known as primary ( $\text{1}°$ ) alkyl halide.

When the halogen is present on the carbon atom and that carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms is known as secondary ( $2°$ ) alkyl halide.

When the halogen is present on the carbon atom and that carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms is known as tertiary ( $3°$ ) alkyl halide.