Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The reaction has to be completed by supplying the missing portion.
Concept Introduction:
Hydrolysis of Ester:
The reaction in which a bond is broken by the addition of water molecule is called as hydrolysis. Hydrolysis of esters yields the
The general reaction of ester hydrolysis is,
(b)
Interpretation:
The reaction has to be completed by supplying the missing portion.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The reaction has to be completed by supplying the missing portion.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(d)
Interpretation:
The reaction has to be completed by supplying the missing portion.
Concept Introduction:
Base-Hydrolysis of Ester:
Hydrolysis of an ester could also be catalyzed by the presence of a strong base. The base-catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester is called as saponification. The general reaction of base-catalyzed hydrolysis is,
In case of base-catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester, the carboxylic acid does not exist. The reaction results in the formation of salt of carboxylic acid containing the cation of the base catalyst.

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Chapter 14 Solutions
GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIOCHEMISTRY(LL)-PKG
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- Draw the structure of the aldol self condensation product for each of the following compounds if a compound does not under go aldol self condensation explain whyarrow_forwardIndicate how the addition of a nucleophile :NuH2 to a ketone R-CO-R occurs.arrow_forwardIndicate the compound that gives us a primary carbocation and that gives us a secondary carbocation: R-CHO and R-CO-Rarrow_forward
- Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following reaction. OHarrow_forwardHelp with annotating the labeled peaks in the 'H NMR (solvent CDCls) spectra and 'H NMR (solvent Acetone-D6) spectra Also help with Calculating the keto-enol tautomerization Ka constant for the product in both solvents.Two solvents and two different Kaarrow_forwardDraw a Haworth projection of a common cyclic form of this monosaccharide CH₂OH HO H HO H H OH CH₂OHarrow_forward
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