(a)
Interpretation:
The given reaction has to be completed by supplying the missing portion.
Concept Introduction:
Preparation of Carboxylic acids:
The simplest carboxylic acids are prepared by the oxidation of the appropriate primary alcohol or an
The general reaction is represented below,
(b)
Interpretation:
The given reaction has to be completed by supplying the missing portion.
Concept Introduction:
Preparation of Esters:
Esters are prepared from the reaction of
The general preparation of esters is shown below,
(c)
Interpretation:
The given reaction has to be completed by supplying the missing portion.
Concept Introduction:
Preparation of Esters:
Esters are prepared from the reaction of carboxylic acid and an alcohol, with a loss of water molecule. Esterification is a condensation reaction because a molecule of water is removed during the reaction.
The general preparation of esters is shown below,

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Chapter 14 Solutions
GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIOCHEMISTRY(LL)-PKG
- Give the major organic product(s) for each of the following reactions or reaction sequences. CH₂CN 5% NaOEt, EIOH سجد سی . بلی H 1. NaOCH, CH,OH CH3 OCH3 2 H₂O*arrow_forwardDraw the structures for each of the intermediates in the boxes provided for the synthesis below. 004 HNO F HO CHCO) D Dydre R.SO. 1.1 NO fe HO H.SO. 2. CC1 NOH HO MCL HNO, H.50.arrow_forward. Each of the following compounds can be prepared by a mixed aldol condensation reaction. Give the Cructures of the aldehyde and/or ketone precursors for each aldol product and formulate the reaction. 0 CH=CHCCH 3. Ph 1arrow_forward
- . Consider the reaction below to answer the following question: H NaOEt H BOH بلی H + H₂O A. Write the complete stepwise mechanism for the reaction above. Show all intermediate structures and all electron flow with arrows. B. This reaction is an example of: an intramolecular aldol condensation a. an intramolecular Claisen condensation b. C. d. a Robinson annulation a Michael reaction C. The product of this reaction is: a. b. C. d. a ẞ. y-unsaturated aldehyde an a, B-unsaturated ketone an a, B-unsaturated aldehyde an enolarrow_forwardClassify each of the following nitrogen atoms in the following compounds as primary, secondary, tiary, or quaternary. A. B. C. CH3 HO-CHCHNHCH3 ephedrine CH CHCH3 amphetamine NH₂ D. CF H3C CH3 mapiquat chloride HO fexofenadine OH H3C CH3 CO₂Harrow_forward.. Name each of the following compounds by IUPAC rules. [three Only] A. 0 B. C. Cl NH₂ OCH N CH3 NHCH2CH3 D. CH O₁₂N NH₂arrow_forward
- Draw the structure of the aldol self condensation product for each of the following compounds if a compound does not under go aldol self condensation explain whyarrow_forwardIndicate how the addition of a nucleophile :NuH2 to a ketone R-CO-R occurs.arrow_forwardIndicate the compound that gives us a primary carbocation and that gives us a secondary carbocation: R-CHO and R-CO-Rarrow_forward
- Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following reaction. OHarrow_forwardHelp with annotating the labeled peaks in the 'H NMR (solvent CDCls) spectra and 'H NMR (solvent Acetone-D6) spectra Also help with Calculating the keto-enol tautomerization Ka constant for the product in both solvents.Two solvents and two different Kaarrow_forwardDraw a Haworth projection of a common cyclic form of this monosaccharide CH₂OH HO H HO H H OH CH₂OHarrow_forward
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