Chapter 13.3, Problem 1NV

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Definition of the terms DNA fingerprinting, bioinformatics, DNA microarray, Single nucleotide polymorphism, haplotype pharmacogenomics, gene therapy, genomics, proteomics.

Explanation of Solution

DNA fingerprinting is a technique, in which gel electrophoresis determines the unique pattern of an individual’s genetics. It is used for forensic investigation purposes in determining if the sample of DNA of criminal matches a sample (an individual’s) DNA or not.

Bioinformatics is defined as an application of computational technology to store and handle the data of biological and molecular information. It also involves an analysis of various DNA, RNA and protein in different living organisms.

DNA microarray is a technique used to detect if a mutation is present in an individual or not using small slides containing DNA fragments.

SNP or single nucleotide polymorphism is defined as a DNA sequence variation for a single base pair. It is the most common type of genetic variation among individuals.

Haplotype is described as the genetic variation or polymorphism which is generally inherited together generally from a single parent.

Pharmacogenomics is the study of genes and genetic inheritance on the body’s response to a certain treatment or a drug.

Gene therapy is a technique that uses new genes to correct the faulty genes in an individual to prevent the disease or treat a certain condition caused by a genetic abnormality.

Genomics is defined as a study of genome, which means the study of the DNA and different factors affecting the DNA composition of an organism.

Proteomics is a study of the synthesis, structure and function of different proteins and factors leading to change in the protein.