Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134988504
Author: Bennett, Jeffrey O., Donahue, M. (megan), SCHNEIDER, Nicholas, Voit, Mark
Publisher: Pearson,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 16SEQ
Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) designates a quantitative problem, for which you should show all your work.
Universe on a Balloon. In what ways does the surface of a balloon offer a good analogy to the universe? In what ways it this analogy limited? Explain why a miniature scientist living in a polka dot on the balloon would observe all other dots to be moving away,with more distant dots moving away faster.
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4.) The diagram shows the electric field lines of a positively charged conducting sphere of
radius R and charge Q.
A
B
Points A and B are located on the same field line.
A proton is placed at A and released from rest. The magnitude of the work done by the electric field in
moving the proton from A to B is 1.7×10-16 J. Point A is at a distance of 5.0×10-2m from the centre of
the sphere. Point B is at a distance of 1.0×10-1 m from the centre of the sphere.
(a) Explain why the electric potential decreases from A to B. [2]
(b) Draw, on the axes, the variation of electric potential V with distance r from the centre of the
sphere.
R
[2]
(c(i)) Calculate the electric potential difference between points A and B. [1]
(c(ii)) Determine the charge Q of the sphere. [2]
(d) The concept of potential is also used in the context of gravitational fields. Suggest why scientists
developed a common terminology to describe different types of fields. [1]
3.) The graph shows how current I varies with potential difference V across a component X.
904
80-
70-
60-
50-
I/MA
40-
30-
20-
10-
0+
0
0.5
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
VIV
Component X and a cell of negligible internal resistance are placed in a circuit.
A variable resistor R is connected in series with component X. The ammeter reads 20mA.
4.0V
4.0V
Component X and the cell are now placed in a potential divider circuit.
(a) Outline why component X is considered non-ohmic. [1]
(b(i)) Determine the resistance of the variable resistor. [3]
(b(ii)) Calculate the power dissipated in the circuit. [1]
(c(i)) State the range of current that the ammeter can measure as the slider S of the potential divider
is moved from Q to P. [1]
(c(ii)) Describe, by reference to your answer for (c)(i), the advantage of the potential divider
arrangement over the arrangement in (b).
Chapter 12 Solutions
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12 - Prob. 3QQCh. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....
Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 12 - Prob. 13SEQCh. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...Ch. 12 - Explain all answers clearly, with complete...
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