Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
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Chapter 13, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The mechanism of DNA repair involves a group of proteins like DNA polymerase and DNA ligase after the digestion of enzyme with nucleases. The nuclease enzyme degrades and breaks the DNA chromatin in various fragments. This degradation causes the conversion of adenine to hypoxanthine nucleotide. The DNA polymerase enzyme helps in the formation of the DNA double strands and the DNA ligase enzyme joins the various nucleotides to form the complete strand of DNA.

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Imagine that you are a clinical geneticist. Your colleague is an oncologist who wants your help explaining the basics of genetics to their patient, who will be undergoing genetic testing in the coming weeks for possible acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induced by the radiation she had several years ago for breast cancer. Write a 1,050- to 1,225-word memo to your colleague. Include the following in your memo: An explanation of the molecular structure of DNA and RNA, highlighting both similarities and differences  A description of the processes of transcription and translation An explanation of the differences between leading and lagging strands and how the DNA is replicated in each strand Reponses to the following common questions patients might ask about this type of genetic testing and genetic disorder: Does AML run in families? What genes are tested for?
Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words: What are some potential consequences that could result if the processes of replication, transcription, and translation don’t function correctly? Provide an example of how you might explain these consequences in terms that patients might understand.
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