Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 2SOP
To determine
Arrangement of increasing energy released by the order of the following objects: type II supernovae; type I supernovae; nova eruption; the Sun’s annual total energy output.
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A Type Ia Supernova is an example of a:
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a)
One difference between a type I and type II supernova is the formation of the element _________ in the core that produces a type II supernova
b)
The Chandrasekhar limit of a star (1.4 solar masses) is the mass limit above which a star cannot remain stable as a ________ ________.
c)
The temperature of a red giant star is ____________ than it was when the star was a dwarf.
Why does a type Ia supernova explode? in two sentences.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - Prob. 3RQCh. 13 - Prob. 4RQCh. 13 - Prob. 5RQCh. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 13 - Prob. 11RQCh. 13 - Prob. 12RQCh. 13 - Prob. 13RQCh. 13 - Prob. 14RQCh. 13 - Prob. 15RQCh. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - Prob. 18RQCh. 13 - Prob. 19RQCh. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21RQCh. 13 - Prob. 22RQCh. 13 - Prob. 23RQCh. 13 - Prob. 24RQCh. 13 - Prob. 25RQCh. 13 - Prob. 1PCh. 13 - Prob. 2PCh. 13 - Prob. 3PCh. 13 - Prob. 4PCh. 13 - Prob. 5PCh. 13 - Prob. 6PCh. 13 - Prob. 7PCh. 13 - Prob. 8PCh. 13 - Add a fourth column to Table 13-1 and write in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10PCh. 13 - Prob. 11PCh. 13 - Prob. 12PCh. 13 - Prob. 13PCh. 13 - Prob. 14PCh. 13 - Prob. 15PCh. 13 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 13 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 5LTL
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- How would the spectra of a type II supernova be different from a type Ia supernova? Hint: Consider the characteristics of the objects that are their source.arrow_forwardHow is a nova different from a type Ia supernova? How does it differ from a type II supernova?arrow_forwardHow do the two types of supernovae discussed in this chapter differ? What kind of star gives rise to each type?arrow_forward
- What observations from SN 1987A helped confirm theories about supernovae?arrow_forwardA supernova can eject material at a velocity of 10,000 km/s. How long would it take a supernova remnant to expand to a radius of 1 AU? How long would it take to expand to a radius of 1 light-years? Assume that the expansion velocity remains constant and use the relationship: expansiontime=distanceexpansionvelocity .arrow_forwardQUESTION 21 In a Type Ia supernova, the cause of the violent outburst is: 1) the sudden emission of a shell of stellar material from a dying low-mass star 2) the collapse of a very massive protostar to the main sequence 3) an enormous release of neutrinos during a sudden episode of hydrogen fusion 4) the transfer of so much mass from a companion star that a white dwarf goes "over the limit" and collapses, causing an enormous amount of sudden fusion 5) two neutron stars colliding with each otherarrow_forward
- Betelgeuse is a nearby supergiant that will eventually explode into a supernova. Let's see how awesome it would look. At peak brightness, the supernova will have a luminosity of about 10 billion times the Sun. It is 600 light-years away. All stellar brightnesses are compared with Vega, which has an intrinsic luminosity of about 60 times the Sun, a distance of 25 light-years, an absolute magnitude of 0.6 and an apparent magnitude of 0 (by definition). a) At peak brightness, how many times brighter will Betelgeuse be than Vega? b) Approximately what apparent magnitude does this correspond to? c) The Sun is about -26.5 apparent magnitude. What fraction of the Sun's brightness will Betelgeuse be?arrow_forwardA supernova's energy is often compared to the total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime. Using the Sun's current luminosity, calculate the total solar energy output, assuming a 1010 year main-sequence lifetime. Using Einstein's formula E = mc? calculate the equivalent amount of mass, expressed in Earth masses. [Hint: The total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime is given by its current luminosity times the number of seconds in a year times its ten billion-year lifetime; Week 5 slide 4; mass of earth = 6x1024kg; c = 3x10®m/s. Your answer should be 200-300 Earth masses.]arrow_forwardA supernova’s energy is often compared to the total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime. Using the Sun’s current luminosity, calculate the total solar energy output, assuming a 1010 year main-sequence lifetime. Using Einstein’s formula E=mc2 calculate the equivalent amount of mass, expressed in Earth masses. [Hint: The total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime is given by its current luminosity times the number of seconds in a year times its ten billion-year lifetime; ; mass of earth = 6×1024kg; c = 3×108m/s. Your answer should be 200-300 Earth masses.]arrow_forward
- 24 If the Temperature of the core of a supernova is 3200 x 1023 K, what should be the average translational kinetic energy of the particles moving inside this supernov (Boltzmann's constant = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K) Type your answer...arrow_forwardIndicate whether the following are properties of Type Ia or Type II supernovae. (Select 1-Type Ia, 2-Type II. If the first is 1 and the rest 2, enter 12222222). A) Can occur in a very old star cluster. B) Can only occur in a binary system. C) The spectrum shows strong Hydrogen lines D) Produces very heavy elements like Uranium during the explosion. F) Could completely explode and leave no remnant behind. Supernovae of this type have the same peak luminosity.arrow_forward1. The neutrino flux from SN 1987A was estimated to be 1.3 x 1014 m-2 at the location of Earth. If the average energy per neutrino was approximately 4.2 MeV, estimate the total amount of energy in joules released via neutrinos during the supernova explosion. (SN 1987A was located in the LMC at a distance of 50 kpc.).arrow_forward
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