FUNDAMENTALS OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 2818440070945
Author: Martini
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 13, Problem 22CP
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The meaning of reinforcement with reference to spinal reflex.
Introduction:
Reinforcement of the spinal reflex is the enhancement of the spinal reflex. In this the synapses are left active for a long period of time and the neurons start sending signals involuntary. This technique is utilized in a lot of clinical analysis.
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Three of the many recessive mutations in Drosophila melanogaster that affect body color, wing shape, or bristle morphology are black (b) body versus grey in wild type, dumpy (dp), obliquely truncated wings versus long wings in the male, and hooked (hk) bristles versus not hooked in the wild type. From a cross of a dumpy female with a black and hooked male, all of the F1 were wild type for all three of the characters. The testcross of an F1 female with a dumpy, black, hooked male gave the following results:
Trait
Number of individuals
Wild type
169
Black
19
Black, hooked
301
Dumpy, hooked
21
Hooked, dumpy, black
172
Dumpy, black
6
Dumpy
305
Hooked
8
Determine the order of the genes and the mapping distance between genes.
Determine the coefficient of confidence for the portion of the chromosome involved in the cross. How much interference takes place in the cross?
Chapter 13 Solutions
FUNDAMENTALS OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 13 - Name the structures of the central nervous system...Ch. 13 - Define spinal reflex.Ch. 13 - Identify the three spinal meninges.Ch. 13 - Prob. 4CPCh. 13 - Prob. 5CPCh. 13 - Differentiate between sensory nuclei and motor...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7CPCh. 13 - Prob. 8CPCh. 13 - Prob. 9CPCh. 13 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 13 - Injury to which of the nerve plexuses would...Ch. 13 - Compression of which nerve produces the sensation...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13CPCh. 13 - Prob. 14CPCh. 13 - Prob. 15CPCh. 13 - Prob. 16CPCh. 13 - Prob. 17CPCh. 13 - Prob. 18CPCh. 13 - Prob. 19CPCh. 13 - Prob. 20CPCh. 13 - Prob. 21CPCh. 13 - Prob. 22CPCh. 13 - Prob. 23CPCh. 13 - LEVEL 1 Reviewing Facts and Terms 1. Label the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - Prob. 3RQCh. 13 - Prob. 4RQCh. 13 - Prob. 5RQCh. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - Prob. 10RQCh. 13 - The reflexes that control the most rapid,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 12RQCh. 13 - Prob. 13RQCh. 13 - Prob. 14RQCh. 13 - Proceeding deep from the most superficial...Ch. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - Polysynaptic reflexes can produce far more...Ch. 13 - Prob. 19RQCh. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21RQCh. 13 - Prob. 22RQCh. 13 - Prob. 23RQCh. 13 - Prob. 24RQCh. 13 - Prob. 25RQCh. 13 - Prob. 26RQCh. 13 - Prob. 27RQCh. 13 - Prob. 28RQCh. 13 - The improper use of crutches can produce a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 30RQCh. 13 - Karen falls down a flight of stairs and suffers...Ch. 13 - Will Joe regain motor or sensory activity in his...Ch. 13 - Would Joe exhibit plantar reflexes or Babinski...
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