Chapter 13, Problem 13.122P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The volume of seawater in litres that must be processed to recover $1\text{troy}\text{ounce}$ of gold is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The concentration is the proportion of substance in the mixture.

The commonly used concentration terms are as follows:

1. Molarity $\left(M\right)$

2. Molality $\left(m\right)$

3. Mole fraction $\left(X\right)$

The $\text{ppb}$ or parts per billion is a concentration term that is defined as the mass of any substance divided by the mass of the solution, multiplied by ${10}^9$.

The formula to calculate the concentration of an ion in $\text{ppb}$ is as follows:

$\text{ppb}=\left(\frac{\text{mass}\text{of ion}}{\text{mass}\text{of}\text{solution}}\right){10}^9$ (1)

The conversion factor to convert $\text{troy}\text{ounce}$ to $\text{g}$ is as follows:

$\text{1 troy}\text{ounce}=31.1\text{}\text{g}$